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新质生产力的本质特征、动力机制和实现路径研究

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新质生产力是体现社会主义制度优势的现代化生产力.如何通过以技术创新为主的全面创新,持续推动新质生产力的形成和发展,是中国式现代化进程中的重大课题.基于生产力理论演进轨迹,辨析新质生产力的内涵特征;基于全面创新理论,探索新质生产力形成和发展的动力机制和实现路径.研究发现:①新质生产力的质态跃迁,源于生产主体、生产资料和生产对象等3个层面组合结构的全面优化,显化于企业竞争力、产业创新力和产业体系现代化等3个方面;②技术创新通过直接影响劳动主体及其组合结构、生产资料及其配置结构,间接影响生产对象及其产业结构,从而推动新质生产力的形成和发展;③制度创新通过直接影响生产资料及其配置结构,间接影响生产对象及其产业结构,从而推动新质生产力的形成和发展.最后,基于新质生产力形成和发展的动力机制,研究其实现路径,旨在厘清全面创新与新质生产力间的关联逻辑,丰富新质生产力的理论体系.
Exploring the Essential Characteristics,Dynamic Mechanism,and Implementation Path of New Quality Productivity
New quality productivity refers to the modern productive forces that characterize the socialist system.A key challenge in China's path to modernization is how to promote the up-grading of traditional industries continuously,develop emerging industries,and cultivate future industries.This effort aims to establish and enhance new quality productivity through compre-hensive innovation,with a strong focus on technology and innovation.Based on the evolution tra-jectory of productivity theory,this study examines the evolution of the concepts of productivity across three significant eras:the agricultural era,the industrial era,and the intelligent era.It draws on Marxist theory regarding productive forces to analyze the connotation and characteris-tics of the concept of new quality productive forces.Additionally,it utilizes the theory of compre-hensive innovation to explore the dynamic mechanism and implementation path of new quality productivity.The findings elucidate that:①The qualitative transformation of productivity arises from the optimization of combination structures among production entities,means,and objects,which is manifested in three levels—"enterprise competitiveness,industrial innovation,and industrial system modernization",so as to change the organizational and management methods of the pro-duction process;②Technological innovation,as an endogenous variable driving the development of productivity,exerts a direct influence on the combination structure of production entities and the allocation structure of production means,thereby indirectly affecting the industrial structure of production objects and promoting the development of new quality productivity;③Institutional innovation,as an exogenous variable that drives the development of productivity,directly affects the allocation structure of production means by influencing the institutional transaction costs as-sociated with production factors.By regulating consumer demand,investment demand,and ex-port demand,institutional innovation indirectly affects the industrial structure of production ob-jects and promotes the formation and development of new quality productivity.Ultimately,the study explores implementation pathways grounded in the dynamic mechanism of new quality pro-ductivity from the perspectives of structures of production entities,means,and objects.It seeks to clarify the interplay between comprehensive innovation and the development of new quality productivity,thereby enriching the theoretical system surrounding this pivotal concept.

new quality productivitycomprehensive innovationessential characteristicsdy-namic mechanismimplementation path

陈劲、叶伟巍

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清华大学经济管理学院,北京 100084

浙江财经大学管理学院,浙江 杭州 310012

新质生产力 全面创新 本质特征 动力机制 实现路径

2025

创新科技
河南省科学技术信息研究院

创新科技

影响因子:0.158
ISSN:1671-0037
年,卷(期):2025.25(1)