Bombyx mori,as an important economic insect,has seen significant advancements in genom-ic research,particularly with recent breakthroughs in the study of the W chromosome genome.Moreover,the W chromosome is unique to Lepidoptera among insects,and its origin has long been a hot topic in evo-lutionary biology research.With the rapid development of genomic studies in recent years,the issues sur-rounding the origin of the W chromosome in Lepidoptera have become clearer.This article will focus on the research history and detailed characteristics of the silkworm's W chromosome,and will describe the pro-gress made in the study of the origin of the W chromosome in Lepidoptera,aiming to provide theoretical references for functional genomics and molecular breeding research based on the W chromosome in silk-worms,as well as for studies on the origin of sex chromosomes in other species.