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西藏自治区人工草地发展现状分析

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畜牧业的发展离不开草地,现代畜牧业的发展则离不开人工草地.畜牧业是西藏自治区支柱产业之一,但天然草地面临超载过牧、退化沙化、生物量低、与家畜时空分布不平衡等问题,限制当地畜牧业的发展.人工草地由于增加了劳动、技术、资金要素的投入,使牧草产量增加,品质提高,缓解了高寒牧区牧草时空分布不平衡问题,是促进西藏畜牧业发展的重要途径.本文从西藏人工草地发展历史出发,系统归纳西藏人工草地的面积变化、产量情况和栽培牧草品种,分析了限制西藏发展人工草地的问题,并针对这些问题提出了对策建议,以期为西藏畜牧业发展提供支持.
Analysis of the cureent development status of artificial grassland in the Tibet Autonomous Region
The development of animal husbandry is intricately linked with grassland,and the advancement of modern animal husbandry is inseparable from artificial grasslands.Animal husbandry stands as one of the key indus-tries in the Tibet Autonomous Region.However,natural grasslands are facing problems such as overgrazing,degra-dation and desertification,low biomass,and an imbalance in the temporal and spatial distribution of livestock.These challenges impede the growth of local animal husbandry.Despite these challenges,the increased investment in la-bor,technology and capital factors has allowed artificial grasslands to enhance yield and improve the herbage qual-ity.This,in turn,mitigates the imbalance in the temporal and spatial distribution of herbage in alpine pastoral areas,offering a crucial avenue for promoting animal husbandry development in Tibet.This paper delves into the historical development of artificial grasslands in Tibet,systematically summarizing the changes in area,yield and cultivated for-age varieties.It analyzes the obstacles hindering the progress of artificial grassland development in Tibet,and pro-pose countermeasures and suggestions to address for these issues,aiming to provide support for the overall develop-ment of animal husbandry in Tibet.

Tibetartificial grasslandanimal husbandry

张学民、姜丽丽、苏德荣、汪诗平、斯确多吉、李耀明、周华坤

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北京林业大学草业与草原学院,北京 100091

中国科学院青藏高原研究所高寒生态重点实验室,北京 100101

中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室,青海 西宁 810008

西藏 人工草地 畜牧业

西藏自治区那曲市色尼区政府科技计划项目国家自然基金委面上项目国家自然基金委面上项目第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目国家自然科学基金联合基金项目中科院先导(A)项目

31872994418710672019QZKK0302U21A20186XDA2005010405

2024

草原与草坪
中国草学会 甘肃农业大学

草原与草坪

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.686
ISSN:1009-5500
年,卷(期):2024.44(1)
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