首页|31份藜麦种质农艺性状及ISSR遗传多样性分析

31份藜麦种质农艺性状及ISSR遗传多样性分析

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[目的]筛选西北干旱及半干旱地区不同利用价值藜麦种质，为藜麦种质资源的保护与利用奠定基础。[方法]以种植于甘肃临夏东乡县的31份藜麦种质资源为材料，分析其农艺性状，利用ISSR引物进行分子标记PCR扩增，阐明其遗传多样性及特点。[结果]株高、茎粗、鲜干比、茎叶比、单株产量5个农艺性状的变异系数在14。41％～63。30％，其中株高与茎粗、鲜干比呈极显著正相关，与单株产量呈显著正相关。茎粗与单株产量呈极显著正相关，与鲜干比呈显著正相关。鲜干比与单株产量呈极显著正相关。筛选出8条多态性高且清晰的ISSR引物，扩增出63条条带，其中多态性条带55条，多态性位点比率为83。70％，有效等位基因数(Ne)为1。4515，基因多样性(H)为0。2731，香农信息指数(Ⅰ)为0。4174。根据UPGMA聚类分析结果，在遗传相似系数为0。72时，31份藜麦种质可分为5个类群。第1类群为已选育的陇藜1号、陇藜7号，抗倒伏性、抗病虫害好;第2类群株高较低，可作为抗倒伏材料进一步选育;第3类群株高高、单株产量大、鲜干比适中、茎叶比小，可作为鲜喂材料进一步选育;第4类群鲜干比最大，且与台湾红藜LQ-223的亲缘关系相近;第5类群具有茎叶比最大、中熟品种的特性。[结论]31份藜麦种质资源具有较高的遗传多样性，可为藜麦种质资源创新、遗传育种提供优质材料和科学依据。
Agronomic traits and ISSR genetic diversity analysis of thirty one quinoa germplasm
[Objective]This research was conducted to screen quinoa germplasm of different utilization values in arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China and to lay the foundation for the conservation and utilization of quinoa germplasm resources.[Method]Thirty-one quinoa germplasm resources collected from Dongxiang County,Linxia,Gansu Province were analyzed for their agronomic traits. Molecular marker PCR amplification was performed using ISSR primers to elucidate their genetic diversity and characteristics.[Result]The coefficients of variation for the five agronomic traits,such as plant height,stem thickness,fresh to dry ratio,stem to leaf ratio and yield per plant,ranged from 14.41％ to 63.30％. Plant height showed a highly significant positive correlation with stem thickness,fresh to dry ratio and with yield per plant. Stem thickness was significantly positively correlated with yield per plant and fresh to dry ratio. Fresh to dry ratio was highly significantly correlated with yield per plant. Eight ISSR primers with high and clear polymorphism were selected and 63 bands were amplified,including 55 polymorphic bands. The ratio of polymorphic loci was 83.70％,the number of effective alleles (Ne) was 1.4515,the genetic diversity (H) was 0.2731 and the Shannon information index (Ⅰ) was 0.4174.With a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.72,the 31 qui-noa germplasm could be classified into five clusters.The first group was the selected longli 1 and longli 7,which have good resistance to lodging,and pests and diseases. The second group had low plant height which can be further se-lected as lodging resistant material. The third group had high plant height,high yield per plant,moderate fresh to dry ratio and small stem to leaf ratio.This group can be further selected as fresh fodder material.The fourth group had the largest fresh to dry ratio and was related to Taiwan Red Quinoa LQ-223. The fifth group had the largest fresh to dry ratio and was closely related to Taiwan Red Quinoa LQ-223.The fifth group was characterised by the largest stem to leaf ratio and medium maturity varieties.[Conclusion]The 31 quinoa germplasm resources in this experiment showed high genetic diversity,which can provide high-quality materials and scientific basis for quinoa germplasm re-source innovation and genetic breeding.

Chenopodium quinoaagronomic traitsgenetic diversityISSR molecular markerscluster analysis

姚佳、杨发荣、刘文瑜、黄杰、魏玉明、杨超、刘欢

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甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730070

甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070

甘肃农业大学食品科学与工程学院,甘肃 兰州 730070

藜麦 农艺性状 遗传多样性 ISSR分子标记 聚类分析

国家自然科学基金项目中央引导地方科技发展专项甘肃省科技支撑计划项目甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划甘肃省自然科学基金项目草业生态系统教育部重点实验室开放课题

3166035721JR7RA7302022GASS072020GAAS3121JR7RA824KLGE-2022-16

2024

10.13817/j.cnki.cyycp.2024.03.006

草原与草坪
中国草学会　甘肃农业大学

草原与草坪

CSTPCD
影响因子：0.686
ISSN：1009-5500
年,卷(期)：2024.44(3)