Interspecific relationship and ecological niche of dominant species in the plant communities on copper mine tailings of Zhongtiaoshan in Shanxi province
[Objective]Copper mine tailings are typical wastelands formed by the accumulation of a large amount of untreated wastes generated in the process of copper mining and smelting.The long-term massive accumulation of copper mine tailings not only occupies a large amount of land resources,but also aggravates soil erosion and causes secondary geological disasters due to its poor physical structure to maintain water and fertilizer,and brings huge eco-logical security risks. Therefore,screening of pioneer plants and their configurations suitable for phytoremediation of copper mine tailings is a key strategy for their ecological restoration.[Method]Based on the field investigation,a to-tal of 63 sampling quadrats of 10 m ×10 m,5 m × 5 m and 1 m × 1 m were respectively sampled for naturally colo-nized tree,shrub and herbaceous plant communities at different successional stages across the four sampling sites of Tongkuangyu copper mine tailing,Tongkuangyu concentrator copper mine tailing,western copper mine tailing of Henghe copper plant and Shibahe copper mine tailingof Zhongtiaoshan,and 16 dominant plant species were selected. The data matrix of 16 × 63 (species × quadrats) were analyzed by the methods of variance ratio (VR),Godronsta-bility,interspecific association and nicheindex to study the interspecific associations and niche characteristics of domi-nant species in the plant communities on copper mine tailings of Zhongtiaoshan in Shanxi province,China.[Result]The results revealed that:(1) among the 120 species-pairs of 16 dominant species,more than 70％ of the species-pairs displayed no significant correlation indicating that the naturally colonized plant communities on copper mine tail-ings of Zhongtiaoshan had unstable community structures and were in the early or middle stage of succession;(2) There was a significant positive correlation between the niche overlap value (Oik)of the dominant species and the co-occurrence percentage (PC) and Spearman rank correlation coefficient (P＜0.05). The fitting effect of Spear-man rank correlation coefficient was better than that of PC value;(3) The dominant species-pairs of Vitexnnegun-dovar heterophylla and Sophoraviciifolia or Ailanthus altissima,S. viciifolia and A. altissima and A. altissima and Robinia pseudoacacia,showed extremely significantly or significantly positive correlations.[Conclusion]These spe-cies-pairs were the best pioneer species with higher PC and lower Oik value,strong ecological adaptability for tolerat-ing drought,poor soil fertility and metals contamination,and were thus recommended species-pairs as mixed-planting combinations for future phytoremediation of local copper mine tailings.
万方数据
维普
