The effect of grazing yak's activity range on vegetation community structure and soil physicochemical characteristics in cold season pasture of alpine meadow
[Objective]The change trend of plant community pattern and the disturbance range and degree of grazing animals' selective feeding and migration rules to grassland were revealed,which provided reference for grass-land management and grassland husbandry production.[Method]The vegetation and soil changes of grazing yaks at gate of cold season pasture and within 1000 m range were studied in Tianzhualpine meadow in cold season.[Result]The results showed that the vegetation diversity of the grassland with a range beyond 600 m was significantly higher than that of the grassland with a range around 200 m.The average grass layer height was lower at 600 to 800 m,and the highest at 200 m around. The aboveground biomass varied greatly in the range of 400 to 600m. The underground biomass and vegetation coverage increased significantly with the distance far away from pasture gate,and the species and quantity of edible herbage increased significantly (P<0.05). The bulk density of soil was the largest within 100m of the ring beach,while the soil moisture,soil permeability rate and soil saturated water capacity were the low-est. The soil total nutrient content was lower in the area around the ring beach where livestock activity was frequent,and higher in the area where livestock activity was far away. The content of soil available nutrients was higher in the range of 100 m and>800 m.[Conclusion]The grassland near the pasture gate is trampled and fed frequently,which makes the vegetation species simple and the soil easy to be eroded,resulting in serious degradation of the grassland near 200 m. It is of practical significance to understand the changes of vegetation and soil characteristics for more sci-entific use and management of alpine grassland pasture in cold season. In the actual pasture management,the en-trance and exit can be replaced,or the re-seeding can be carried out at the entrance and exit to prevent the degrada-tion of the grassland.
alpine meadowyaklivestock activities and distancevegetation communitysoil properties
万方数据
维普
