Indoor efficacy determination and field efficacy screening of Fusarium flocciferum
祁娜 1王爱文 2许永锋 3何树文 3杨成德1
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作者信息
1. 甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
2. 张掖市农科院,甘肃 张掖 734000
3. 甘肃省张掖市植保植检站,甘肃 张掖 734000
折叠
摘要
[目的]筛选出防治玉米根部主要病原镰刀菌-柔毛镰刀菌(Fusarium flocciferum)的高效低毒杀菌剂.[方法]采用菌丝生长速率法测定了11种杀菌剂对柔毛镰刀菌的抑菌效果,同时进行6个种子处理剂对玉米根部病害的防效试验.[结果]10％叶菌唑悬浮剂对菌丝生长抑制作用最强,EC50值为0.008µg/mL;抑菌效果较好的药剂为3％吡唑醚菌酯·噁霉灵颗粒剂和200 g/L氟酰羟·苯甲唑悬浮剂,EC50值分别为0.051µg/mL和0.093µg/mL;柔毛镰刀菌菌丝生长对50％ 福美双可湿性粉剂和25％氰烯菌酯悬浮剂最敏感,斜率分别为3.76和3.49,其次为15％多菌灵·福美双悬浮种衣剂,斜率为1.92;各种子处理剂对玉米根部镰刀菌根腐有一定的防治效果,其中1000亿cfu/g枯草芽孢杆菌粉剂与种子的配比为1:200时防治效果最好;200 mL 18％噻灵·咯·精甲FS配比100 kg种子及450 mL 11％精甲·咯·嘧菌FS配比100 kg种子时防效较好.[结论]10％叶菌唑SC对柔毛镰刀菌菌丝的抑制作用最好,在种子处理试验中1000亿cfu/g枯草芽孢杆菌DP与种子的配比为1:200时的防治效果最好,该研究结果为玉米根部镰刀菌的化学防治药剂选择提供了依据.
Abstract
[Objective]To screen for highly effective and low-toxicity fungicides against Fusarium flocciferum,the main pathogen affecting maize roots.[Method]This study imployed the mycelial growth rate method to deter-mine the inhibition effect of 11 fungicides against F. flocciferum. Six seed treatments were tested for their effective-ness in controlling maize root diseases.[Result]The results showed that Carbendazole 10％ SC had exhibitied the strongest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth,with an EC50 value of 0.008 µg/mL.Fungicides with notable fungal in-hibition included Pyraclostrobin hymexazol 3％ GR and pydiflumetofen difenoconazole 200 g/L SC,with EC50 values of 0.051 µg/mL and 0.093 µg/mL,respectively.The hyphae growth of F. flocciferum was most sensitive to Thiram 50％ WP and Phenamacril 25％SC,with slopes of 3.76 and 3.49,respectively,followed by carbendazim•thiram 15％ FS with a slope of 1.92. Various seed treatments effectively controlled Fusarium root rot in maize with the most ef-fective being 100 billion cfu/g Bacillus subtilis powder at aseed-to-treatmentr atio of 1:200. Additionally,seed treat-ment using 200 mL/100 kg of seeds with thiabendazole fludioxonil metalaxyl-M 18％ FS and 450 mL/100 kg of seeds with metalaxyl-M fludioxonil azoxystrobin 11％ FS showed good preventative effects.[Conclusion]Carbenda-zole 10％ SC provided the best inhibition of F. flocciferum mycelium,while the seed treatment with 100 billion cfu/g Bacillus subtilis DP to seed of 1:200 achieved the most effective control. These findings offer a basis for selecting chemical control agents for managing Fusariumin maize roots.
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