Low temperature is an important environmental stress factor limited blueberry cultivation region and affected fruit yield. In recent years, using genomics and transcriptomics approach identified many genes or proteins related to blueberry cold hardiness, provided the basis for developing new blueberry cold hardiness cultivars. The characteristics of blueberry cold hardiness, internal ice nucleation distribution, molecular mechanisms of cold hardiness and molecular marker assisted breeding were summarized in the paper, and prospecting the research direction of blueberry cold hardiness.