Phenotypic identification and genetic diversity analysis of 179 sorghum germplasm resources
To make full use of excellent sorghum germplasm resources,breed new sorghum varieties,and improve the utilization efficiency of sorghum germplasm resources in Heilongjiang Province,179 sorghum resources were used as experimental materials to comprehensively analyze 12 agronomic traits using correlation analysis,cluster analysis and other methods.The results showed that 179 sorghum germplasm resources showed abundant genetic diversities in 12 agronomic traits,with variation coefficients ranging from 13.70%to 128.32%,and comparisons among traits in variation coefficients performed as grain covering＞grain shape＞vitreous rate＞plant height＞grain weight per panicle＞grain shell color＞grain color＞panicle stalk length＞thousand-grain weight＞diameter of peduncle＞stem diameter＞heading days.Correlation analysis showed that the grain weight per panicle was significantly(P＜0.05)or extremely significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with the thousand-grain weight,plant height,heading days,stem diameter,diameter of peduncle and panicle stalk length,and the thousand-grain weight was extremely significantly(P＜0.01)positively correlated with the panicle stalk diameter and stem diameter.The grain covering was significantly(P＜0.01)negatively correlated with the thousand-grain weight.A total of 179 sorghum resource materials were divided into four clusters by the cluster analysis.It was appropriate to select the materials as parents among different clusters for hybridization to breed new germplasm.Three resource materials,DY042,DY048 and DY155,were screened out and could be used as basic materials for edible sorghum improvement.DY062 could be used as parent to increase grain weight and panicle weight,and reduce grain covering.
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