Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Compound Microbial Fertilizer on Nutrient Accumulation,Yield,and Quality of Soybean
In order to elucidate the effects of compound microbial fertilizer on soybean growth and yield in the northern region of Northeast China,two soybean varieties,Jinyuan 55(P1)and Keshan 1(P2),were selected for the experiments conducted in 2021 and 2022.Three treatment groups were established:T1(conventional fertilization CK),T2(50％nitrogen fertilizer+complex microbial fertilizer),and T3(without nitrogen fertilizer+complex microbial fertilizer).The objective was to compare the effects of different fertilization treatments on dry matter quality,nutrient accumulation,and soybean yield at various stages,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of compound microbial fertilizer in soybean cultivation.The results indicated that,compared to the T1 treatment,the T2 treatment led to increased nutrient uptake by the soybean,particularly nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium.Furthermore,the T2 treatment exhibited the highest nutrient utilization efficiency across both soybean varieties.In contrast to the chemical fertilizer treatments(T2 and T3),the compound microbial fertilizer significantly improved the protein quality of soybeans.However,it also significantly inhibited the fat content of soybeans,with the fat content being notably higher in the T1 treatment compared to the T2 and T3 treatments.In 2021,for the Jinyuan 55(P1)variety,the soybean yield under the T2 treatment increased by 13.02％compared to the T1 treatment,while it decreased by 9.34％under the T3 treatment.Similarly,for the Keshan 1(P2)variety,the soybean yield under the T2 treatment increased by 5.34％compared to the T1 treatment,while it decreased by 9.26％under the T3 treatment.In 2022,the soybean yield of the Jinyuan 55(P1)variety under the T2 treatment was 12.60％higher than that under the T1 treatment,whereas it was 17.23％lower under the T3 treatment.For the Keshan 1(P2)variety,the soybean yield under the T2 treatment increased by 20.43％compared to the T1 treatment,while it decreased by 11.41％under the T3 treatment.To summarize,the two-year experiment revealed that soybean yield exhibited a weak correlation with variety selection but a strong correlation with the fertilization gradient.Moreover,soybean yield was dependent on the application rate of compound microbial fertilizer.Under conditions of low application rates of compound microbial fertilizer,the effect of chemical fertilizer was more pronounced;however,its efficacy diminished as the application rate of compound microbial fertilizer increased.This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational use of compound microbial fertilizer in soybean cultivation.
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