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大豆品种籽粒的油脂组成综合评价

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  • 国家科技期刊平台
  • NETL
  • NSTL
  • 万方数据
为对大豆种质资源的油脂品质进行综合评价，从中筛选出综合品质表现优异的大豆品种，本研究以173份大豆种质为试验材料，利用近红外光谱分析法结合气相色谱法对大豆的脂肪酸及粗脂肪含量进行测定，利用主成分分析法和系统聚类分析法对173份大豆种质进行划分，并建立大豆油脂品质综合评价的模型。结果表明:参试大豆种质的品质性状间差异较大;性状间相关性分析结果显示大豆饱和脂肪酸即棕榈酸和硬脂酸分别与油酸含量呈极显著负相关;与多不饱和脂肪酸即亚油酸与亚麻酸均呈极显著正相关，大豆粗脂肪含量与油酸、亚油酸相关性最大，其中与油酸呈极显著正相关，而与亚油酸呈极显著负相关。利用主成分分析法确立了2个主成分，建立了大豆油脂品质综合评价的模型，并评价出最优的大豆品种依次为多马卡-托里萨、中兴1号、冀豆3号、高丰1号和商豆1201。最后利用系统聚类分析法将173份大豆种质划分为5个类群，其中第Ⅲ类群表现较突出，具体表现为棕榈酸含量最高，油酸含量最低，亚油酸和亚麻酸含量最高，同时油脂品质的综合表现最好。本研究结果可为获得优良油脂品质的大豆品种提供理论依据。
Comprehensive Evaluation of Seeds Oil Composition of Soybean Varieties
This study was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the oil quality of soybean germplasm resources and select excellent varieties.The fatty acid and crude fat content of 173 germplasm resources were measured by near infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography.The 173 germplasm resources were divided according to principal component analysis and cluster analysis.A comprehensive evaluation model of soybean oil-quality was established.The results showed there were significant differences in these quality traits.Saturated fatty acid including palmitic acid and stearic acid contents had significant negative correlations with oleic acid,and had significant negative correlations with polyunsaturated fatty acid contents including linoleic acid and linolenic acid.The crude fat content had significant positive correlations with oleic acid content,and had significant negative correlations with linoleic acid content.Two principal components were selected by principal component analysis and the soybean oil quality evaluation model was constructed to select the best soybean varieties as follows:Duomaka-Tuolisa,Zhongxing 1,Jidou 3,Gaofeng 1,and Shangdou 1201.Finally cluster analysis of 173 soybean germplasm resources was divided into 5 groups,of which the third group with outstanding performance showed the highest content of palmitic acid,inoleic acid and linolenic acid;the lowest content of oleic acid and the best oil quality of soybean.The study will provide evidence for gaining soybean varieties with higher comprehensive oil quality.

soybeangermplasm resourcesfatty acidcrude fatoil qualityprincipal component analysiscluster analysis

张艺龄、师立松、刘方、颜硕、张孟茜、牛宁、赵璇、李占军

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石家庄市农林科学研究院,河北石家庄 050041

大豆 种质资源 脂肪酸 粗脂肪 油脂品质 主成分分析 聚类分析

石家庄市农林科学研究院市财政专项石家庄市农林科学研究院市财政专项石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划石家庄市农业科技项目河北省现代种业科技创新专项河北省大豆产业技术研究院项目

2022-092023-24221490112A2300221326333D

2024

10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2024.02.0151

大豆科学
黑龙江省农业科学院

大豆科学

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.641
ISSN：1000-9841
年,卷(期)：2024.43(2)
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