Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Agronomic Traits,Yield,and Quality of Heihe 43
To promote the improvement of quality and efficiency in the soybean industry in northern Heilongjiang province,in this study,the soybean variety Heihe 43,which has the largest planting area in China,was used as the research object,and 8 groups:Conventional fertilization areas,urea 2 kg·666.67 m-2,diammonium phosphate 8 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2;Phosphorus treatment zone 1,diammonium phosphate 8 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2;Phosphorus treatment zone 2,diammonium phosphate 10 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2;Phosphorus treatment zone 3,diammonium phosphate 12 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2;Potassium-free zone,urea 2 kg·666.67 m-2,diammonium phosphate 8 kg·666.67 m-2;Phosphorus-free zone,urea 5.13 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2;Nitrogen free zone,calcium phosphate 8 kg·666.67 m-2,potassium sulfate 5 kg·666.67 m-2.The effects of N,P and K on the agronomic characters,quality and yield of Heihe 43 under different fertilization treatments were studied.The results showed that there were some differences in the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the agronomic traits of Heihe 43.Nitrogen fertilizer application had significant positive correlation with plant height and bottom pod height,but no significant difference in other traits.The effects of fertilizer treatment on seed size and quality of Heihe 43 were significant.The 100-seed weight and protein content in blank CK and nitrogen-deficient PK treated areas were significantly lower than other treatments,and fat content in nitrogen-deficient PK treated areas was significantly higher than other treatments.The yield of Heihe 43 could be significantly increased by applying N and P fertilizer within a reasonable range,and the disease resistance of Heihe 43 could be significantly improved by adding K fertilizer.The 2-year yield of N3P3K treatment area was significantly higher than that of other treatment areas.The results of 2-year yield in the deficient areas were consistent,and the effect was NK＞NP＞PK.The comprehensive agronomic traits of Heihe 43 were divided into two categories by correlation cluster heat map analysis.The first category was protein and yield component factors,including yield,seed weight per plant,seed number per plant,pods number per plant,nodes number,disease susceptibility,protein,bottom pod height,100-seed weight and plant height,and the pin-wise correlation between adjacent traits was the highest.The second category was fat and density,and fat content and density were significantly positively correlated.Different fertilizer treatments were divided into 2 categories.The first category was N-deficient area,including blank CK treatment area and PK nitrogen deficiency area,and the second category was nitrogen-containing area,which further indicated that nitrogen fertilizer was the basis of biomass formation of Heihe 43,and balanced fertilization had an important role in promoting the yield and quality of Heihe 43.
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