Organic Fertilizer Promoted High Yield of Fresh Soybean by Improving Aggregate Structure of Red Soil
The objective of this study was to explore the quantitative relationship between the soil aggregate and the fresh soybean yield under the condition of organic fertilizer application,a field plot experiment was conducted in 2022 and 2023 on typical slope farmland of red soil.There were three treatments which including no fertilizer(CK),chemical fertilizer(CF)and chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer(COF).Then,the yield properties of fresh soybean,soil aggregate composition and average weight diameter among different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that:the pod number of fresh soybean in COF treatment was significantly higher than those in CK and CF treatments by 55.1%and 36.5%in 2022,respectively,they were increased by 53.98%and 40.54%in 2023.The grain weight of fresh soybean with pod and without pod in COF treatment was 41.70%-40.65%and 40.03%-41.78%higher than those in CF treatment,respectively.In all treatments,the proportion of>2 mm and 0.25-2 mm in COF treatment was significantly highest,while the proportion of<0.053 mm was significantly lowest.Compared with CF,the proportion of>2 mm under COF treatment increased by 101.95%and 53.06%both in 2022 and 2023,but the proportion of 0.25-2 mm,0.053-0.25 mm and<0.053 mm had no significant difference with CF treatment.Further calculation showed that the average weight diameter of aggregates in COF treatment was higher than CF treatment by 25.95%and 18.80%in 2022 and 2023.The linear fitting equation found that the fresh weight of seeds with pods increased by0.16 and0.19 t·hm-2 in2022 and2023,respectively,then,the fresh weight of seeds without pods increased by 0.54 and 0.67 t·hm-2,respectively,when the proportion of>2 mm aggregate components increased by 1%.Otherwise,the fresh weight with pods and without pods increased by 1.79-1.99 t·hm-2 and 0.83-0.91 t·hm-2,respectively,when the average weight diameter of aggregates increased by 0.1 mm.Therefore,chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer could be as the main pattern to increase the yield of fresh soybean in slope farmland of red soil.It also suggested that the yield of fresh soybean could be significantly increased by improving the aggregate structure.
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