Effects of Maize and Soybean Intercropping on Growth,Quality Characters and Yield of Different Soybean Varieties and Group Economic Value
In order to provide theoretical basis for selecting soybean varieties suitable for intercropping with maize and promote the extension of maize-soybean intercropping technology.In this study,three spring soybean varieties(Quandou No.7,Quandou No.13,and Quandou 17)and maize variety Jinbaitian 15 in Fujian province were selected as materials,and the soybean-maize row ratio of 2∶2 was used for intercropping.Maize monoculture and soybean monoculture were treated as controls.The plant height,chlorophyll content,dry matter weight,leaf area index and proportion of stem of soybean were monitored at different growth stages of soybean monoculture and maize/soybean intercropping to analysis its changes rules and differences.Agronomic traits,yield,quality differences of soybean were analysis at mature stage of soybean in soybean monoculture and maize/soybean intercropping.The different analysis were carried out with the yield,economic value and land equivalent ratio under different treatment.The correlation analysis were carried out with agronomic traits of soybean,yield of soybean and economic value in maize/soybean intercropping.We comprehensively evaluated the adaptability of three maize/soybean intercropping system.The results showed that:(1)Among the mature stage of soybean:the plant height reached the peak at the seed-filling stage,and maize/soybean intercropping pattern significantly increased the plant height,and Quandou No.7 increased the most,Quandou No.13 increased the least,and Quandou No.17 was in the middle.The chlorophyll content and leaf area index increased first and then decreased,and reached the peak at the seed-filling stage.Intercropping significantly increased the chlorophyll content,reduced the leaf area index and the dry matter weight of soybean.The soybean total dry matter weight of the same mature stage of soybean showed a trend of Quandou No.13>Quandou 17>Quandou No.7.The proportion of soybean stem increased first and decreased then,which reached the peak at the soybean flowing stage,and all showed a trend of Quandou No.7>Quandou 17>Quandou No.13.(2)After the soybean ripens:the plant height and bottom pod height of soybean significantly increased in maize/soybean intercropping pattern,and Quandou No.7 increased the most,Quandou No.13 increased the least,and Quandou 17 in the middle.The main stem nodes,effective branching number,pod number per plant,seed number per plant,seed weight per plant and 100-seed weight significantly decreased in maize/soybean intercropping pattern,and Quandou No.13 decreased the least,Quandou No.7 decreased the most,and Quandou 17 in the middle in maize/soybean intercropping pattern.Intercropping significantly changed the protein and fat content of soybean seeds,in which the protein content decreased significantly and the fat content increased significantly.(3)The yield of maize and soybean significantly decreased in maize/soybean intercropping pattern,and population yield of maize/soybean intercropping pattern increased significantly.The total economic output value of the three maize/soybean intercropping systems from high to low was Quandou No.13/Jinbaitian 15>Quandou 17/Jinbaitian 15>Quandou No.7/Jinbaitian 15,which were 30371.15,30125.26 and 29866.71 yuan·ha-1,which were significantly higher than the economic output value of maize monoculture and soybean monoculture under their respective.The yield of corresponding soybean were 1229.94,1182.37 and1137.83 kg·ha-1 respectively.The difference of total economic output value among the three intercropping systems was significant.The difference of the yield of soybean among the three intercropping systems was also significant.The land equivalent ratios of the three intercropping systems were all greater than 1,which indicated that the intercropping patterns had obvious advantages.The results of correlation analysis showed that plant height and bottom pod height were significantly negatively correlated with yield of soybean and total population output value,and the yield of soybean was significantly positively correlated with total population output value.In summary,intercropping planting significantly promoted the plant height,bottom pod height,chlorophyll content and fat content of soybean,and significantly promoted the yield of intercropping population.It was easier to obtain higher soybean yield and population economic output value by selecting soybean varieties with short stem and small stem proportion.Through comparative analysis,Quandou 13 is suitable for local intercropping with maize,and can obtain relatively high soybean yield and population economic output value.
maize/soybean intercroppinggrowth dynamicsagronomic traitsqualityyieldeconomic output value
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
