Effects of Different Speed-Raising Strategies for Uphill Running on the Arthrokinematics of Lower Limbs in Male Amateur Marathon Runners
Objective: To explore the differences in the arthorkinematics of lower limbs and vertical ground reaction forces in male amateur marathon runners with three different speed-raising strategies for uphill running under the conditions of stride control. Method: According to exclusion and inclusion criteria, eighteen amateur marathon runners were screened and randomly divided into three groups based on different speed-raising strategies for uphill running, defining the G1 group as the stride frequency increasing group (n=6 persons), the G2 group as the stride length increasing group (n=6 persons), and the G3 group as the stride frequency and stride length increasing group (n=6 persons). Then, the treadmill was analyzed by the Vicon infrared high-speed motion capture system and the Zebris FDM-T series gait, the stride data, the movement angle of each joint of lower limbs and the peak value of vertical ground reaction forces of the subjects under the speed conditions of 6.6 km/h and 10 km/h were collected respectively, and finally the data was analyzed and discussed. Result: 17 subjects finally completed the whole experiment, and experimental results were as follows. After increasing the speed from 6.6 km/h to 10 km/h, when the supporting leg was landing, the knee flexion angle and ankle dorsiflexion angle of the G2 group were larger than those of G1 and G3 groups with significant increase, and the knee flexion angle and ankle dorsiflexion angle of G1 and G3 groups decreased to a certain extent.When the supporting leg was maximally cushioned, the angles of the three joints in the G2 group increased to a certain extent, and the angles of G1 and G3 groups (except for the hip flexion angle of the G3 group) decreased to a certain extent. The moment the supporting leg was stomping away, the hip extension angles of the three groups increased to a certain extent, the decrease in the knee flexion angle of the G2 group was more obvious than that of the G3 group, and the increase in the ankle plantar flexion angle of the G3 group was greater than that of G1 and G2 groups. Conclusion: During uphill running, amateur marathon enthusiasts who increase stride length and simultaneously increase stride length and stride frequency have greater demand for the function of their knee and ankle joints, while their increase in stride frequency depends more on the function of hip joints. The choice of the speed-raising strategy of increasing stride length or simultaneously increasing stride frequency and stride length will lead to higher joint loads on all joints of lower limbs.
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