Preparation of P-doped g-C3N4 photocatalysts with different phosphorus sources for degradation of chromium-containing electroplating wastewater
[Introduction] The chromium-containing electroplating wastewater which is hazardous to the environment needs to be treated prior to discharge. [Method] Phosphorus-doped porous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) materials with nitrogen vacancies were synthesized by thermal polycondensation and liquid phase evaporation from urea with different phosphorus sources i.e. pyrophosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, and hypophosphorous acid, and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), surface area analysis (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and electrochemical methods, and their photocatalytic degradation performance for hexavalent chromium was evaluated. [Result] The degradation efficiency of hexavalent chromium by the phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 prepared with orthophosphoric acid was about 12.65 times higher than that by the unmodified g-C3N4. [Conclusion] The existence of nitrogen vacancies, cyano groups, and phosphorus changes the band structure of g-C3N4 and prompts the charge transfer, hence the phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 has good photocatalytic activity.
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