摘要
目的 通过对吉林省4所高校男大学生进行艾滋病检测意识及相关行为调查,了解男大学生艾滋病检测情况及其影响因素,为该人群制定更具针对性的宣传教育策略提供理论基础.方法 2021年10-11月随机选取吉林省长春市4所高校,采用分层随机整群抽样法抽取男大学生,利用微信小程序开展艾滋病检测意识及相关行为问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归分析其影响因素.结果 共有3 479名男大学生参与调查,收回合格问卷3 463份,合格问卷回收率为99.5％.平均年龄(19.56±1.49)岁,大一学生占59.7％,月均生活费在1 000～1 999元的学生占71.6％.学生中异性恋占91.7％、同性恋占2.4％、双性恋占2.8％、不确定占3.1％.5级艾滋病感染相关知识认知程度中,非常了解占30.7％、完全不了解占0.6％.有过性行为的男生占16.3％,发生第一次性行为以16～20岁学生为主、占87.5％,第一次性对象为男生占9.7％,第一次性行为全程使用安全套占69.8％.年级(OR=1.146,95％CI:1.043～1.259)、艾滋病感染相关知识的了解程度(OR=3.792,95％CI:3.405～4.223)、是否有过性行为(OR=21.909,95％CI:5.061～94.847)、第一次性对象(OR=3.442,95％CI:1.697～6.980)是艾滋病检测了解程度的促进因素.学校类型(OR=0.249,95％CI:0.219～0.283)、对艾滋病相关知识的了解程度(OR=0.890,95％CI:0.797～0.995)、是否有过性行为(OR=0.017,95％CI:0.005～0.060)、第一次性对象(OR=0.138,95％CI:0.072～0.267)是艾滋病检测促进因素.是否有过性行为(OR=0.001,95％CI:0.000～0.180)、第一次性对象(OR=0.077,95％CI:0.056～0.257)、第一次安全套的使用情况(OR=0.473,95％C/:0.383～0.851)、了解获得自检试剂机构种类(OR=0.692,95％CI:0.468～0.729)、你想使用那种类型的自检试剂(OR=0.748,95％CI:0.381～0.948)是使用自检试剂的促进因素.结论 提高男大学生艾滋病感染相关知识水平,有助于增强其了解艾滋病检测,更易接受艾滋病自愿检测,有同性性行为的男大学生更应主动了解艾滋病检测知识.卫生及教育部门应加强安全性行为及艾滋病自检试剂应用的科普教育,宣传自检试剂的获取和使用方法,增强高校艾滋病尿检试剂的可及性.
Abstract
Objective To understand the HIV/AIDS detection status and the influencing factors in the male students by the survey of awareness of HIV/AIDS detection and related behaviors in the male students from four colleges and universities in Jilin province,and provide theoretical basis for formulating more targeted publicity and education strategies to this population.Methods During October to November 2021,4 colleges and universities were randomly selected,and the male students were selected in the colleges and universities with stratified random cluster sampling methods in Changchun city,Jilin province.The questionnaire survey was carried out on awareness of HIV/AIDS detection and related behavior by the WeChat mini program,and the influencing factors were analyzed with Logistic regression analysis.Results There were 3479 male students participate the survey,and 3 463 qualified questionnaires were received,with recovery rate of 99.5％.The average age of the students was(19.56±1.49)years old.The freshmen accounted for 59.7％,and the students with the average monthly living expenses from 1 000 to 1 999 yuan of RMB accounted for 71.6％.The proportion of heterosexual,homosexual,bisexual and indetermination was 91.7％,2.4％,2.8％and 3.1％,respectively in the students.Among the 5 grades of degree of awareness of HIV/AIDS related knowledge,very understanding accounted for 30.7％,full incomprehension accounted for 0.6％.The students who had sexual behavior accounting for 16.3％.The first sexual behavior was mainly in the students aged 16-20 years,accounting for 87.5％.The students who had first sexual behavior with a male accounted for 9.7％,and the students who used condom throughout the first sexual behavior accounted for 69.8％.The grade(OR=1.146,95％CI:1.043-1.259),understanding degree of HIV/AIDS knowledge(OR=3.792,95％CI:3.405-4.223),having sexual behavior or not(OR=21.909,95％CI:5.061-94.847),first sexual partner(OR=3.442,95％CI:1.697-6.980)were the promotion factors.The type of universities(OR=0.249,95％CI:0.219-0.283),understanding degree of HIV/AIDS knowledge(OR=0.890,95％CI:0.797-0.995),having sexual behavior or not(OR=0.017,95％CI:0.005-0.060)and first sexual partner(OR=0.138,95％CI:0.072-0.267)were the promotion factors of HIV/AIDS detection.Having sexual behavior or not(OR=0..001,95％CI:0.000-0.180),first sexual partner(OR=0.077,95％CI:0.056-0.257),first condom using(OR=0.473,95％CI:0.383-0.851),understanding the type of institutions where could got self-testing reagent(OR=0.692,95％CI:0.468-0.729)and the type of self-testing reagent you want(OR=0.748,95％CI:0.381-0.948)were the promotion factors of using self-testing reagent.Conclusions The improvement of HIV/AIDS knowledge level of the male college students helps to enhance their understanding of HIV/AIDS detection,and is easier to accept voluntary HIV/AIDS detection.The students who had homosexual behavior should more actively understand the HIV/AIDS detection knowledge.The science popularization education of safe sexual behavior and the application of HIV/AIDS self-testing reagents should be strengthened by the health and education institutions.The method of acquirement and usage of the detection reagent should be publicized and the accessibility of the urine testing reagents of HIV/AIDS should be improved in colleges and universities.
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维普
万方数据