Analysis of etiological surveillance results of hand,foot and mouth disease in Zhengzhou from 2017 to 2022
Objective To understand the changes of pathogenic spectrum and distribution characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Zhengzhou city of Henan province from 2017 to 2022,and provide evidence for HFMD prevention and control.Methods The results of nucleic acid detection and data of HFMD cases were collected from the virus laboratory of Zhengzhou municipal center for disease control and prevention from 2017 to 2022 were collected.The etiological characteristics were analyzed with descriptive epidemiology methods.The differences of incidences were compared with chi-square test,and the trend of incidences was tested with trend chi-square test.The differences were statistical significant if P＜0.05.Results There were 2 825 samples of HFMD cases collected from medical institutions and tested by the virus laboratory of Zhengzhou municipal center for disease control and prevention from 2017 to 2022.There were 1 714 positive samples,with the positive rate of 60.67％.The strains of CV-A16 and CV-A6 alternately became the dominant strains of HFMD in Zhengzhou city.Other EV strain accounted for 11.96％.EV71 strain was not detected during 3 consecutive years.The number of cases with severe HFMD fell off a cliff in Zhengzhou city since 2019.There was statistical difference in positive rates of etiological test in different months(x2=156.053,P＜0.001),and there was no statistical difference between the positive rates of etiological test of genders(x2=0.007,P=0.933).The detection rates showed increasing trend in age group of 3 years(trend x2=4.773,P=0.029)and in the children of kindergartens(trend x2=328.145,P＜0.001).There were statistical differences in the positivity rates of the samples sent from different districts(x2=74.249,P＜0.001).Conclusions The pathogenic spectrum of HFMD obviously changed in Zhengzhou city from 2017 to 2022.The positive rates of samples sent by several districts are low.The quality of sampling should be improved.The detection efficiency should be enhanced.The monitoring range of pathogen spectrum should be expanded.The epidemiological investigation should be actively carried out.All of these could provide reference for HFMD prevention and control in Zhengzhou city.
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