Analysis of mobile surveillance of mountainous plague in Qinghe county,Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023
Objective To investigate the epidemiological status of plague among wild animals in mountainous areas of Qinghe county,Xinjiang from 2022 to 2023,and provide basic data for plague prevention and control.Methods Plague surveillance was carried out in the mountainous areas of Qinghe county from 2022 to 2023 by means of mobile plague surveillance.Route investigation,site-fixed observation and 5 m wire clamping were carried out to investigate the density,distribution and species of rodents and the species and composition of fleas were determined by media identification.Fl antibody to plague in the captured and self-dead animals were detected with IHA and ELISA.Bacteriological experiment of plague was conducted to determine yersinia pestis in animal viscera,bone marrow and group of vector parasitic fleas.Indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were employed to detect plague F1 antibodies in captured animal sera and heart infusion of small rodents and insectivores.F1 antigen was also conducted on animal viscera,bone marrow and flea suspensions from dead animals.Bacteriological experiment of plague was conducted to determine yersinia pestis in animal viscera,bone marrow and group of vector parasitic fleas.Results The average density of plague host animals citellus undulatus and marmota baibacina was 5.00 and 0.43/hm2 in the monitoring area,respectively.The flea infection rates were 43.80％and 38.89％,and the average flea index was 2.14 and 2.00.Totally 140 sera samples of the rodent and carnivore animal were detected for plague F1 antibody.2 citellus undulatus and 1 Mustela putorius were positive for F1 antibodies.There were 19 samples of heart infusion of small rodents and insectivorous animal examined with negative results.Out of the total 189 samples of the organ grinding solution and bone marrow of the animal and group of vector fleas detected for Plague Fl antigen,there were 6 positive samples,including 3 samples of citellus undulatus,2 samples of marmota baibacina and 1 sample of vector flea group(oropsylls silantiewi).Totally 170 samples of animal organs and bone marrow suspension and 295 vector fleas(19 groups)were tested by bacteriology,and yersinia pestis was isolated,2 strains from citellus undulatus,1 from marmota baibacina,and 1 from vector parasitic flea(oropsylls silantiewi).Conclusions The plague epidemic among animals in the mountains is fierce in Qinghe county,Xinjiang.The plague among animals is in a continuous epidemic state.
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