Framework and Countermeasures for the Systematic Management of Rural Water Systems
China has numerous rural water systems,and the governance of these systems is often fragmented,with most rural rivers and lakes yet to achieve systematic management.This paper systematically reviews the governance work that has been carried out at both national and local levels,analyzing the characteristics of these efforts and identifying fundamental issues in rural water system management.Based on a systems thinking approach,the paper examines the multi-type,multi-function,multi-problem,multi-stakeholder,and multi-channel characteristics of rural water system governance.In conjunction with relevant technical standards from both domestic and international contexts,a technical standards framework was developed.The study proposes a systematic governance framework based on systems theory,structural theory,and synergy theory,integrating basin-scale,river-scale,and element-scale approaches.It is recommended that current rural water system governance should prioritize top-level design,establish a technical standards system,plan governance schemes holistically,and innovate governance models.
rural water systemsystematic managementoverall basintechnical standards
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