Thevenin's theorem and Norton's theorem,collectively known as Thevenin-Norton theorems,are among the most important theorems in circuit theory and key methods for solving circuits.However,the Thevenin-Norton theorems are only applicable to single-port networks.This paper systematically analyzes and summarizes the basic principles of real and complex circuits,provides a comprehensive classification of port networks,investigates the parameter expressions for dual-port networks,proposed the motivation reverse-remove principle and power supply dialysis principle for port network with motivation,clarifies the quasi-power balance principle and reciprocity principle for stationary circuits,and proposed the compact equivalence principle for dual-port networks with and without excitation in stationary circuits.This work con-tributes to enhancing the knowledge system of real and complex circuits.
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