论回旋电子与涡旋电磁波量子:涡旋电子波包
The Vortex Electron and Radiated Vortex Photon of Electromagnetic Wave:Vortex Electron Wave Packet
王哲远 1张超1
作者信息
- 1. 清华大学航天航空学院航空宇航电子系统实验室,北京 100084
- 折叠
摘要
回旋电子辐射涡旋电磁波量子的理论模型是量子态涡旋电磁波技术的关键.本文是"论回旋电子与涡旋电磁波量子"系列论文的第一部分,建立了"涡旋电子波包"相关理论模型.能级跃迁辐射是涡旋电子最自然的辐射之一.为了给出单个涡旋电子回旋辐射产生涡旋电磁波量子机理,本文根据磁场中电子的守恒量推导了恒定磁场中涡旋电子波函数,对相对论电子波包的运动情况做出分析,并通过求解狄拉克方程解释了自旋角动量和轨道角动量在本质上不可分割的情况.另外,在求解过程中根据相对论能量本征方程得到回旋电子在磁场中的横向能级分布,即朗道能级,并仿真得到电子具有确切轨道角动量数时的朗道能级形状.
Abstract
The theoretical model of cyclotron electrons to radiate vortex microwave photons is crucial for the technol-ogy of quantum state vortex electromagnetic wave.This paper is the first part of"The Vortex Electron and Vortex Micro-wave Photon",which establishes the theoretical model related to the"Vortex Electron Wave Packet".To be specific,the ra-diation of energy level transition is one of the natural radiations of a vortex electron.Aiming to analyze the principle of OAM vortex microwave photons generated by single vortex electron cyclotron radiation,this paper derives the vortex elec-tron wave function according to the conserved quantity of electrons in a constant magnetic field and analyzes the motion of the relativistic electron wave packet.This paper then explains the case where the spin angular momentum and orbital angu-lar momentum are inseparable by solving the Dirac equation.In addition,the Landau levels of the transverse energy distri-bution of the cyclotron in the magnetic field are obtained in the solution process according to the relativistic energy eigene-quation.Finally,This paper simulates the shape of the Landau energy level when the electron has the exact mode of the or-bital angular momentum.
关键词
能级跃迁辐射/涡旋电子/涡旋电磁波量子/轨道角动量/朗道能级/相对论效应/正则动量Key words
energy level transition radiation/vortex electron/vortex photon of electromagnetic wave/orbital angular momentum/Landau levels/relativity/canonical momentum引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据