The Hardening Soil-Small(HSS)model,which effectively captures the nonlinear behavior of the shear modulus of soils within the small-strain range,has been widely used in deformation calculations for underground excavation projects.The mechanical behavior of soft soil is easily affected by sampling disturbance,leading to a larger error for the HSS model parameters calibrated by laboratory tests.For this purpose,this paper presents an approach to determine the HSS model parameters by means of a combination of the Piezocone Penetration Test(CPTU)and the Seismic Dilatometer Test(SDMT),which both well avoid sampling disturbance.The proposed approach was then applied in a typical case of deep excavations laterally adjacent to existing tunnels in soft soils deposited in Suzhou.The full set of HSS model parameters was calculated and verified for accuracy and rationality by comparing with the laboratory consolidation compression-rebound curves and the in-situ dynamic wave velocity profile.Subsequently,the HSS model parameters were employed to numerically calculate the deformation response of deep excavations.The results show that the numerical results of the deformation match well with the field observation,demonstrating the practical applicability of the CPTU/SDMT-based determination approach of the HSS model parameters.
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