To address the challenge of efficiently processing defect-free holes with a large depth-to-diameter ratio,annular laser and tube electrode electrochemical hybrid processing employed the separate transmission of laser,electrical and fluid was proposed.The formation and transmission of annular laser beams,multi-field coupling and their interaction mechanisms with materials were studied using Zemax and the finite element method.The results demonstrated that the desired annular laser spot for the experiment was achieved when two conical prisms and a focusing lens were employed.The workpiece surface temperature and the electrolyte temperature increased rapidly with increasing pulsed laser power and pulsed voltage,resulting in higher current density and a significant improvement in both localized material removal capability and removal efficiency.
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