An Analysis of Joseon Dynasty's Ceremonial Responses and Diplomatic Expressions of the Mourning of the Former Emperor of Ming Dynasty
After its foundation,Joseon dynasty took the initiative to incorporate itself into the East Asian tribute and enfeoffment system dominated by the Ming dynasty,and it was sincere and loyal to the Ming dynasty.Its rituals complied with the Chinese orthodoxies,reflecting a high degree of cultural identification and self-consciousness,and its mourning rituals for the former Emperor followed the funeral ritual system of the Ming dynasty.During the mourning period for Emperor Yongle,Joseon dynasty established the ritual rule of"starting mourning on hearing of the news of death"and revised the basic rituals of mourning,wearing the mourning clothes,condoling,and the proper moment to take off the mourning clothes.However,during the period of compliance in later times,in order to avoid the diplomatic misunderstanding of the Ming dynasty about the channels through which the Joseon dynasty was informed of the news,the mourning ritual was often performed only on the day when the obituary document arrived at the royal capital,which embodied the diplomatic consideration that"rituals are subordinate to the power".The mourning rites of the Joseon dynasty for the Ming emperor went through three stages of evolution.During the period from Hongwu to Zhengtong,the Joseon dynasty's mourning procedure of the former Ming emperor was drafted and standardized,and it followed the Chinese rituals and fulfilled the obligations of the vassal state.During the period from Chenghua to Zhengde,the Joseon dynasty's mourning of the former Ming emperor took a perfunctory attitude;it attempted to weaken the Ming dynasty's influence,and the Joseon dynasty's autonomy sense of the king's power was enhanced.During the period from Jiajing to Tianqi,the Joseon dynasty gained national interests from the"clan defense"and the"Imjin Japanese invasion,"and the mourning of the Ming emperor were highly political and emphasized on diplomatic expressions.The ideological and cultural roots of the Joseon dynasty's commemoration of the late Ming emperor originated from the gradual dominance of Neo-Confucianism in the Joseon dynasty,which was regarded as the orthodoxy of Neo-Confucianism by the Joseon scholars,and the sense of cultural identity of the"scholars'school"was gradually strengthened,and eventually converged into the Joseon dynasty's"Little China"consciousness after the Ming-Qing transition.
Ming dynastythe former emperorJoseon dynastymourning ritual"Little China"consciousness
万方数据
维普
