Comparison of low-carbon transformation in electricity between China and major developed countries under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality
CO2 emissions from China's thermal power industry account for more than 40%.The low carbon transformation of the electricity industry is the key to achieving carbon neutrality.However,as China's energy consumption continues to grow,achieving carbon peaking,especially carbon neutrality,is facing a huge challenge with a short time and heavy tasks.The low-carbon transformation approaches in four major economically developed countries were compared,including the United States,Germany,the United Kingdom,and Japan.The successful experiences from these countries is an object and combine China's actual situation to propose a low-carbon power transformation path suitable for China's national conditions.The results were shown below:(1)The low-carbon transformation must be based on power security,energy resource endowment,energy market supply,economic development level and affordability,etc.(2)In 2023,China's power generation accounted for 31.9%of the global total,and ranked first in the world.Among the developed countries,the United States was the first in the Americas and the second in the world.Germany and the United Kingdom ranked first and second in Europe respectively.Japan ranked first among the developed countries in the Asia-Pacific region.(3)Compared with 2005,except for the United States,the annual power generation of Germany,the United Kingdom,and Japan had shown a downward trend,while China's power generation had increased by 278.6%.(4)While vigorously developing low-carbon power,the United States,Germany,the United Kingdom,and Japan were all committed to reducing the proportion of coal-fired power generation and promoting'de-coalification and de-coal-electrification'.China should draw on the experience of developed countries and adopted the transformation policy of improving the efficiency of coal-fired power+substitution.(5)Reducing the proportion of fossil energy power generation is an important means for the low-carbon transformation of the power industry.China is actively reducing the proportion of fossil energy power generation and has achieved good results.In addition,China should not significantly increase the proportion of gas-fired power generation.
carbon peaking and carbon neutralityelectricity industrymajor developed countrieslow-carbon transformationcomparison
万方数据
维普
