To study the influence of permeability coefficient on the pump-and-treat effect in contaminated sites,a two-dimensional homogeneous and unsteady groundwater flow model is constructed taking a nickel(Ni)contaminated site as an example.The model considers solute advection,dispersion and adsorption in simulating the pump-and-treat process to study the impact of different aquifer media and pumping rates on remediation effect.The results indicate that hydrodynamic model simulation result closely matches the measured groundwater level at the site,with a root mean square error of 0.006 m,demonstrating the model's ability to depict the groundwater flow field at the site effectively.Comparative analysis of the remediation effects of Ni at three pumping well locations suggests that the scheme positioning the pumping well at the center of the contaminant plume is the most optimal among the three schemes.With the same pumping rate,higher permeability coefficients correspond to higher Ni concentrations at groundwater monitoring site GW1,lower Ni concentrations at GW2,yet with a larger contaminant plume area.For aquifers of loess or silty sand,if the pumping rate is 40 m3/d,Ni concentrations at GW1 and GW2 cannot be reduced to 0.1 mg/L.However,at pumping rates of 80 m3/d or 120 m3/d,Ni concentrations at both GW1 and GW2 can decrease to 0.1 mg/L within three years.In the case of a fine sand aquifer,Ni concentrations at GW1 cannot decrease to 0.1 mg/L under any of the three pumping rates scenarios,while at GW2 Ni concentrations can meet Class Ⅳ groundwater quality standards within three years.Under similar hydrogeological conditions,higher pumping rates lead to a shorter duration to achieve Class Ⅳ groundwater quality standards,but result in a larger total volume of pumped water.The research findings provide scientific insights into the feasibility of implementing pump-and-treat for remediating groundwater in contaminated sites.
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