首页|The location choice of Chinese investment in the United States:Industrial agglomeration,ethnic networks and firm heterogeneity
The location choice of Chinese investment in the United States:Industrial agglomeration,ethnic networks and firm heterogeneity
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China's outward foreign direct investment(FDI)is different from traditional FDI in various ways,for example being rooted in"Guanxi"in Chinese culture,influenced by govern-ment,and located in developed economies where they have limited ownership advantages compared with local firms.Chinese investment in the United States(the U.S.)is an example of how the location is influenced by economic factors,social linkages,as well as geopolitical events,such as the U.S.-China trade conflict,which deserves more academic attention.It is such a complex phenomenon that cannot be fully explained by traditional FDI theories,which mainly focus on economic factors.In this paper,we illustrate the historical development,distri-bution and firm heterogeneity of Chinese investment in the U.S.from 2000 to 2020,and use a conditional logit model to investigate the location factors.Our study reveals that the number of Chinese investment projects in the U.S.peaked in 2017 and has declined year-over-year since then.These projects are mainly located along the East and West coasts of the U.S.and around the Great Lakes,with the largest numbers in California and New York.Previous Chinese in-vestment agglomeration and ethnic networks both influence the location choice of China's outward FDI,even when controlling for regional attributes and economic embeddedness.In terms of firm heterogeneity,Chinese firms that enter the American market with greenfield in-vestment modes,state-owned enterprises and firms in high-tech sectors are more likely to fol-low previous Chinese investment,but place less emphasis on Chinese ethnic linkages,implying that previous Chinese investment agglomeration can replace the role of Chinese ethnic net-works for these firms.Finally,the U.S.-China trade conflict has significantly lessened the active role of Chinese ethnic networks and has reduced Chinese investment in states with higher in-dustrial output.
industrial agglomerationethnic networkfirm heterogeneitylocation choice of Chinese investmentU.S.-China trade conflict
SI Yuefang、SUN Hanyan、WANG Junsong、LIANG Xinyi
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The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China
School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China
Institute for Global Innovation & Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China
Department of Geography,Hong Kong Baptist University,Hong Kong,China
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