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长江经济带城市扩张的时空分异特征及影响机制

Spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing mechanism of urban expansion in the Yangtze River Economic Belt,China

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城市人口增长被普遍认为是驱动城市空间扩张的重要因素,明晰城市扩张的时空分异特征以及城市人口规模与城市用地扩张的关系是优化城市空间结构、抑制城市用地无序扩张的前提.基于卫星影像识别长江经济带包含城市生态空间的城市用地,采用空间分析方法和计量模型,在分析长江经济带1990-2020年城市扩张时空分异特征的基础上,探索不同区域城市人口规模与城市扩张的关系.研究发现:①2015年之后长江经济带的城市扩张速度大幅下降,中上游城市表现出明显不同于下游地区的城市扩张时序特征,2010年之后上游扩张速度超过中游.空间上,长江经济带城市扩张规模存在明显的空间分异,高速扩张区由东向西移动,中上游与下游间的城市用地规模差异趋于收敛;下游城市扩张存在较强的空间依赖性,中上游未表现出显著的空间自相关;②不同区域城市人口规模与城市扩张变化率之间的关系存在显著差异,上游呈负相关关系,中下游呈"U"型关系,表明上游城市人口规模尚未出现明显的过度扩张,而中下游部分城市已出现人口过度扩张,中游城市居民对城市舒适度的关注度和敏感度更高.最后,研究分区域提出政策建议,为城市精准施策、推动城市高质量发展提供科学参考.
Nowadays,the disordered expansion of urban land has become an important problem on China's urbanization.Urban population growth is widely recognized as a crucial driver of urban spatial expansion.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of urban expansion and understand the relationship between urban population size and urban expansion.Based on Landsat TM/OLI remote sensing images and socioeconomic statistics data,this paper identified the urban land in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB),China,between 1990 to 2020.This was achieved by combining object-oriented automatic extraction and human-computer interaction visual interpretation.The study then examined the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of urban expansion at difference scales using expansion speed,expansion difference index,kernel density analysis and spatial autocorrelation.Finally,the relationship between urban population size and urban expansion in different regions was investigated using the Two-way Fixed Effects Model.The main results are as follows:(1)After 2015,urban expansion speed decreased significantly in different parts of the YREB.Moreover,the time series characteristics of urban expansion in the cities of the upper and middle reaches were found to be different from those in the lower reaches.The upper reaches had higher expansion speed than the middle reaches after 2010.Spatially,the urban expansion in the YREB shows significant spatial heterogeneity.High-speed expansion areas have shifted from east to west,and the differences in urban land scale between the upper-middle and the lower reaches tend to converge.Urban expansion in the lower reaches exhibits strong spatial dependency,while in the middle-upper reaches,there is no significant spatial autocorrelation.(2)The relationship between urban population size and urban expansion differs significantly among different regions.The upper reaches show a negative correlation,while the middle-lower reaches exhibit a"U-shaped"relationship.This indicates that there is no obvious over-expansion of population size in the upper reaches,whereas there is in the middle-lower reaches.Residents in the middle reaches have demonstrated a higher sensitivity to urban comfort and quality of life.Finally,the study provides regional policy recommendations,aiming to offer scientific references for targeted urban policies and promote high-quality urban development.

urban expansionspatiotemporal differentiationurban population sizefixed effects modelurban expansion difference indexYangtze River Economic Belt

张敏、杨励雅、胡卓玮、杨子情

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中国人民大学公共管理学院,北京 100872

首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京 100089

城市扩张 时空分异 城市人口规模 固定效应模型 扩张差异指数 长江经济带

国家自然科学基金项目国家重点研发计划中国人民大学"中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)特色发展引导专项

720742152018YFC1508902

2024

10.11821/dlxb202402010

地理学报
中国地理学会 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所

地理学报

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：3.3
ISSN：0375-5444
年,卷(期)：2024.79(2)
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