Spatio-temporal pattern of environmental pressure in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River from 1998 to 2021
As a crucial ecological service provider and a key regional growth pole,the upper reaches of the Yangtze River faces significant environmental pressure due to enormous resource consumption during rapid economic development,posing a threat to the stability of its ecosystem.Based on the panel data from 47 prefecture-level and above cities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River from 1998 to 2021,this paper comprehensively used Dagum Gini Coefficient,kernel density estimation,Markov Chain,spatial convergence model and other methods to deeply analyze the spatiotemporal pattern of environmental pressure.The results are as follows:(1)During the sample period,the overall pressure showed a slight upward trend in an inverted"V"-shaped pattern.The environmental cost of economic growth was high in the early stages,but the environmental risk was effectively controlled in the later stages.(2)The pressure demonstrated a pattern of"high in the east and low in the west"and"high-pressure areas contracted and low-pressure areas expanded".The three urbanized areas in the east,especially Chengdu-Chongqing region,were the pressure centers.However,due to the implementation of the environmental protection policies in the Yangtze River Basin,the scope of high-pressure cities significantly decreased.(3)The overall difference of the pressure exhibited a gently periodic fluctuating trend,with regional difference,net inter-regional difference,and hypervariable density tending towards a state of equilibrium.There were a few stable high-pressure cities in Yunnan-Guizhou region.(4)The evolution of the pressure shifted from a"multi-polar differentiation"trend to a"low-pressure concentration"trend.Initially,there were significant gradients in environmental pressure among cities,but in the later stages,most cities tended to converge towards lower pressure levels.(5)The relative situation of the pressure showed strong stability,but gradually decayed over time,and there existed spatial infiltration effect on the pressure changes.(6)The convergence trend of the pressure was robust,and the spatial proximity accelerated the convergence of environmental pressure.The tightening of environmental policies in the later stages further accelerated the convergence process.This study could provide decision-making support for strengthening ecological security barrier in the study area.
watershed economygreen developmentecological protectionenvironmental pressurespatio-temporal characteristicupper reaches of the Yangtze River
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
