Strategic critical minerals are essential materials that will dominate the energy transition and technological revolution.In the context of global climate change and industrial transformation,the geopolitical phenomenon of major powers competing for critical minerals has rapidly emerged,yet relevant research remains relatively limited.Therefore,this paper aims to summarize the geopolitical research on critical minerals,elucidate the geopolitical logic behind them,and reveal the geopolitical patterns of critical minerals.Geopolitical research on critical minerals continues to be dominated by the West,while the domestic research is still in its initial stage.The geopolitical issues on critical minerals are driven by the demand consciousness raised by climate change and energy transition,the competition consciousness intensified by technological revolution and military-industrial innovation,as well as the crisis consciousness generated by the high concentration of supply chain.Technological complexity and application frontiers have determined that industrial and technological competition will lead the geopolitical future of strategic critical minerals,and thus the major powers have always been the absolute protagonists on the world stage.The United States holds the center stage in global competition,and despite its resource endowment,China faces significant security challenges.China should be acutely aware of this reality and formulate appropriate plans.The focus should be on strengthening geopolitical research on critical minerals based on theoretical foundations,enhancing geo-economic deployment of critical minerals with a focus on key areas,and constructing geo-security strategy for critical minerals guided by national demand.
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