Distribution charactieristics and change mechanisms of thermokarst lakes in the Arctic
Thermokarst lakes,as prominent thermokarst landscapes in permafrost regions,significantly influence ecological vegetation,hydrological processes,and carbon cycling in the Arctic.However,the current understanding of the distribution characteristics and change mechanisms of Arctic thermokarst lakes remains limited.To address this gap,this study employs meta-analysis and mathematical statistical methods to investigate the distribution patterns and dynamics of thermokarst lakes.The results reveal a pronounced spatio-temporal heterogeneity in the distribution and changes of Arctic thermokarst lakes.These variations are closely associated with permafrost conditions,lithology,soil types,subterranean ice content,and soil temperatures.Most Arctic thermokarst lakes are located in continuous permafrost area,where subterranean ice content exceeds 10％,average soil temperatures are above-4℃,and there are specific vertical soil temperature gradients.The change trends of thermokarst lakes differ under various environmental conditions.Generally,the development of thermokarst lakes follows three stages:initial formation,mid-term expansion,and late-stage contraction,all influenced by hydrological and thermohydrological balances.As critical indicators of permafrost degradation and climatic environmental changes,thermokarst lakes profoundly impact carbon cycling,hydrological processes,and ecological environmental changes within the Arctic ecosystem.
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维普
