Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving mechanisms of US science and technology innovation centers'performance,1790-2022
Utilizing location data from USPTO patents spanning 1790 to 2022,this study incorporates theories from complexity science,lifecycle analysis,and geographical nature.It employs methods including urban scaling laws,scale-adjusted metropolitan indicators,and geographic detectors to construct a performance index for United States science and technology innovation(STI)centers,and analyze their spatiotemporal pattern evolution and driving mechanisms.The results reveal that:(1)Innovation scaling laws across cities have evolved into significant super-linear relationships,indicating that larger cities have higher per capita innovation outputs,thus demonstrating a pronounced scale-increasing effect of STI.(2)The performance index facilitates cross-scale comparisons of urban STI capabilities,illustrating the complete lifecycle of STI centers from incubation,expansion,decline,to revival.Throughout the study period,San Francisco CSA progressively surpassed New York CSA,Boston CSA,and Chicago CSA,becoming a leading STI center in the United States.(3)The spatial distribution of the performance index for US STI centers reveals a"north-superior,south-inferior"pattern.Factors of second nature,such as urbanization,internationalization,and socio-economic development,along with urban polycentricity,positively influence the performance index.In contrast,population density and first nature factors like climate and topography negatively correlate with the performance index.Under the influence of path dependence and cumulative causation,the performance of US STI centers exhibits a"Matthew effect",exacerbating the north-south divide.
STI centersscaling lawurban scaleurban performance indexUS
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
