High-precision Positioning Technology for Substation Operators Based on 5G Beamforming
To address the issue of poor positioning accuracy for indoor substation operators,this paper proposes a 5G millimeter-wave high-precision indoor positioning system,assisted by multiple intelligent reflecting surfaces(IRS).Firstly,using maximum likelihood estimation and a 3D indoor positioning model,an initial estimate of the operator's position was obtained,and the closed-form expression of the Cramér-Rao lower bound(CRLB)was derived.Then,aiming to minimize the CRLB,an optimization model was formulated for the optimal IRS reflection beamforming and the receiving beamforming at the operator's side terminal.Finally,an alternating beamforming optimization algorithm,based on block coordinate descent(BCD)and particle swarm optimization(PSO),was proposed to determine the optimal reflection and reception beamforming,thereby enhancing operator positioning accuracy.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this strategy in improving system positioning accuracy.
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