Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors analysis of meteorological disasters in typical regions of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
China is one of the countries most affacted by natural disasters globally,and the study of meteorological disasters holds significant importance.Scholars have carried out various studies on meteorological disasters,mainly focusing on spatial and temporal distribution patterns,risk assessment of typical meteorological disasters,with relatively weak emphasis on the systematic spatial and temporal evolution of meteorological disasters and the study of influencing factors.The purpose of this paper is to summarize the spatial and temporal distribution law of meteorological disasters in Dali,analyze their spatial and temporal migration changes,and explore the main influencing factors behind flooding disasters in Dali as an example.In this study,we analyzed the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of meteorological disasters in Dali,a typical region on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,using historical meteorological disaster statistics from 1984 to 2021.We employed methods such as the standard deviation ellipse method,emerging spatiotemporal hotspot analysis,and geodetector of ArcGIS.The standard deviation ellipse method depicted spatial distribution and migration changes of meteorological disasters in different periods.Cold hotspot analysis visualized statistically significant clusters and the trend of meteorological disaster points over time.Geodetector identified spatial differences in weather hazards and revealed the driving forces behind them.The results showed that:① Temporally,meteorological disasters in Dali are concentrated from May to September,and the time of historical meteorological disasters can be divided into three stages in terms of inter-annual changes:the number of meteorological disasters in the first stage is relatively small,all of them are in the range of 20 and below.The number of meteorological disasters in the second stage has increased,with an average number of disasters per year of 29.The number of meteorological disasters in the third stage shows a significant increase in the trend.② Spatially,weather disasters occurred with higher density in Dali City and Heqing County.In terms of the degree of hazard,three townships had a very high degree,and five townships had a high degree of hazard.③ Temporally and spatially,from May to July,meteorological disaster centers concentrated in Dali City,moving from north to southwest and then to north,with new hot spots in Heqing County.④ Geographical detectors identified 24-hour accumulated rainfall,slope,and river network density as the main causes of rainstorm and flood disasters.The results help to understand the spatiotemporal evolution trend and main influencing factors of meteorological disasters in Dali,thereby providing technical support and theoretical guidance for meteorological disaster prevention and control work.
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