A Review of Spatial Index and Its Applications in GIS
Spatial index is a data structure arranged in a specific order according to the shapes,positions and spatial relationships of spatial objects.This structure can provide an efficient way of data organization and management method to support the mining and analysis of massive spatial data.In view of the problems existing in spatial index,such as unclear knowledge system and dif-ficulty in selecting spatial indexes,with the help of literature survey method and CiteSpace tool,spatial index is divided into four categories by spatial subdivision and mapping methods:tree structure,grid,space-filling curves and address coding.This paper reviews their principles,spatial structures and scope of applications in detail,and provides an outlook on the research of spatial indexes in data organization,efficient computing,visualization,reliability and so on.The conclusion is as follows:spatial indexes based on tree structure are the most versatile and can handle multi-dimensional and multi-level data,while their query perform-ance depends on the balance of the tree structure and the distribution of data;spatial indexes based on grid can evenly divide the space to facilitate efficient range query,but are not suitable for unstructured or dynamic data sets;spatial indexes based on space-filling curves can achieve dimensional compression while maintaining local proximity,but inserting or deleting data may make the reconstruction of the entire curve hard to update frequently;spatial indexes based on address coding can convert se-mantic address information into coded information to facilitate efficient retrieval,however,there are still large deviations and un-certainties in semantic address matching.The research findings can be used as a reference for researchers in spatial data organi-zation and structure design.
万方数据
维普
