摘要
基于南通沿江地区生态条件,以苏裸麦2号、扬麦29和南粳46、南粳5055和南粳9108为供试材料,设置苏裸麦2号-移栽南粳46、苏裸麦2号-直播南粳5055、扬麦29-移栽南粳5055和扬麦29-直播南粳9108这4种麦稻轮作组合处理,通过对其生育特性、产量、稻米食味品质、温光水资源分配利用、经济收益以及资源利用与产量之间的相关性分析,比较元麦-稻模式与小麦-稻模式在南通沿江地区的应用前景.结果表明,苏裸麦2号生育期短于扬麦29,其产量与资源分配也低于扬麦29,扬麦29-移栽南粳5055周年产量稍高,与苏裸麦2号-移栽南粳46差异无统计学意义,但苏裸麦2号-移栽南粳46模式元麦后茬水稻的产量和资源分配高于其他模式,其产量8 548.8 kg/hm2,有效积温2 616.8℃,太阳辐射量3 215.4 MJ/m2,日照时数1 342.10 h,降雨量632.7 mm;其稻米食味品质好于其他模式,外观8.40,口感8.43,综合评分76.55;周年经济收益比其他轮作模式分别高3 465.36、11 847.32、11 867.60元/hm2.麦季产量、水稻季产量与光温水资源有极显著正相关关系,麦稻周年产量与太阳辐射量、日照时数有极显著负相关关系,与有效积温呈现显著负相关关系.苏裸麦2号-移栽南粳46模式实现了较佳经济效益,适宜在此地区适度规模化推广生产.
Abstract
Based on the ecological conditions of the Yangtze River area in Nantong,Suluomai No.2,Yangmai 29,Nangeng 46,Nangeng 5055,and Nangeng 9108 were used as research materials to set up 4 wheat-rice rotation combinations:Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46,Suluomai No.2-direct seeding Nangeng 5055,Yangmai 29-transplanted Nangeng 5055,and Yangmai 29-direct seeding Nangeng 9108.The application prospects of the"hulless barley-rice"model and the"wheat-rice"model in the Yangtze River area of Nantong were compared by analyzing the correlation between growth characteristics,yield,taste quality of rice,distribution and utilization of temperature,light and water resources,economic benefits,and resource utilization.The results showed that the growth period of Suluomai No.2 was shorter than that of Yangmai 29,and its yield and resource allocation were also lower than Yangmai 29.Yangmai 29-transplanted Nangeng 5055 had the highest yield,but there was no significant difference compared to Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46.Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46 model had the higher yield,resource allocation than other models,and its yield,effective accumulated temperature,solar radiation,sunlight hours,and rainfall was 8 548.8 kg/hm2,2 616.8 ℃,3 215.4 MJ/m2,1 342.10 h,and 632.7 mm,respectively.Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46 had the better taste quality of rice than other models,and its appearance,taste and comprehensive score was 8.40,8.43,and 76.55,respectively.The annual economic benefits of Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46 model were 3 465.36,11 847.32,and 11 867.60 yuan/hm2 higher than those of other models.There was a highly significant positive correlation between wheat yield and rice yield and light,temperature and water resources.The annual yield of wheat-rice had a highly significant negative correlation with solar radiation and sunshine hours,and a significant negative correlation with effective accumulated temperature.The Suluomai No.2-transplanted Nangeng 46 model has achieved the best economic benefits,and it is suitable for moderate scale promotion and production in this area.
基金项目
南通市科技项目(MS22021037)
南通市科技项目(MS22022095)
南通市科技项目(JC2020163)
江苏省科技项目(BE2020388)
江苏沿江地区农业科学研究所青年基金(YJ2021006)
南通市循环农业重点实验室(CP12015003)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据