Coupled analysis of rainwater infiltration and surface runoff under three-dimensional topographic conditions
To quantitatively describe the distribution and variation of soil moisture in the three-dimensional(3D)slope at different moments after rainfall,a coupled model of rainwater infiltration and surface runoff was established based on the finite volume method.The two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation and 3D nonlinear Richards equation were used as the governing equations for surface runoff and groundwater seepage,respectively.The coupled model has superior applicability under complex 3D topographic conditions.The analysis results of an actual project indicate that,under the control of 3D topographic factors,surface run-off caused by rainfall mainly converges in the dominant runoff pathway that flows from high to low overall,and has a delayed response to changes in rainfall intensity.Under the influence of surface runoff,the depth of surface water accumulation shows a significant uneven distribution in local space,with much greater accumula-tion in low-lying areas compared with high elevations,and this non-uniformity intensifies over time.High hy-draulic gradient generated by the accumulation of surface water causes more intense and persistent infiltration in low-lying areas.Research indicates that the coupled model of rainwater infiltration and surface runoff consider-ing 3D topographic factors can provide accurate and reasonable data support for the slope stability analysis in practical engineering.
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