西方博物馆伦理的演进脉络及其启示
The Evolution of Western Museum Ethics and Its Implications
张峥 1尹凯2
作者信息
- 1. 吉林大学考古学院 吉林长春 130015
- 2. 山东大学文化遗产研究院 山东青岛 266237
- 折叠
摘要
19世纪,西方博物馆确立了以问责制为基础的公益信托性质.此后,博物馆伦理日渐得到博物馆世界的关注,并于2022年被写进博物馆新定义.西方博物馆伦理大致经历了三个阶段:在博物馆专业化的追求中探索博物馆的伦理准则,立足于机构而追求博物馆伦理的普遍价值,着眼于责任而探寻博物馆伦理的动态性、流动性和差异性.相较之下,国内对博物馆伦理缺乏关注,这在某种程度上与当前追求博物馆事业高质量发展的时代使命不相符.因此爬梳与勾勒博物馆伦理在西方不同时代背景和社会情境下的演进历程,不仅有助于形成对博物馆伦理的系统认知,而且有助于在比较视野下为构建中国特色的博物馆伦理体系、应对博物馆实践难题、规范博物馆行业发展提供启发.
Abstract
In the 19th century,Western museums established their foundational roles as public trusts emphasizing accountability.Since then,museum ethics have increasingly gained prominence within the mu-seum community,culminating in their inclusion in the new definition of museums announced in 2022.The evolution of museum ethics in Western context can be categorized into three stages:the initial exploration of ethical standards amid museum professionalization;the pursuit of universal ethical values grounded in insti-tutional practices;and,more recently,an emphasis on the dynamic,fluid,and diverse nature of ethical re-sponsibilities.In contrast,attention to museum ethics in China remains relatively sparse,misaligned with the contemporary mission to achieve high-quality development in museum affairs.Therefore,examining the de-velopment of museum ethics in Western contexts across different historical and social settings not only fos-ters a systematic understanding of museum ethics but also offers insights that could help shape a distinctive Chinese museum ethical framework.This approach aims to address practical challenges in museum opera-tions and help regulate the development of the museum sector.
关键词
西方博物馆伦理/专业化/差异/博物馆伦理Key words
Western museum ethics/professionalization/diversity/new museum ethics引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据