Tagore's Thought on Nationalism and Indian Constitutional Culture
Tagore defined a nation as a political and economic combination organized by all residents for mechanical purposes.He viewed nationalism characterized by four characteristics:mechanization,self-interest,combativeness and toxicity,and critiqued is as a misstep in modernization.Tagore expected to reconstruct interpersonal and international relations based on deontology rather than utilitarianism.In the development of modern Indian nationalism,among the four pairs of options,reform and radicalism,choice and coercion,harmony and struggle,solidarity and integration,Tagore stood on the side of reform,choice,harmony and solidarity respectively,and abandoned radicalism,coercion,struggle and integration,forming a political vision of a voluntary community.The stance shaped a vision of a voluntary community and led to considerable debate during and after his lifetime.Although Tagore did not directly participate in drafting the constitution,his nationalist thought provided a spiritual guide for the development of India's society.His outlook on the Constitution integrated Gandhi's,Nehru's and Ambedkar's views of the constitution,supplementing their deficiencies and cautioning against the pitfalls of nationalism.Meanwhile,Tagore actively criticized utilitarianism,expressing deep concern about state-building efforts rooted in doctrines aligning with Western constitutional thought developments after World War Ⅱ.Fortunately,the section on fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution reflects the deontological proposition and has become the"ballast"of this constitution.Tagore's thought,like an"invisible constitution",will enter the constitutional cultures of all countries in the world through his works,becoming a valuable resource for combating nationalism,resolving conflicts between countries and promoting mutual understanding among the people of the world,and enabling humanity to advance together in a vision of peace and unity.
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