Characteristics of air pollution,health risk assessment,and potential source analysis in Changshu
Background,aim,and scope The rapid pace of industrialization and urbanization has led to widespread air pollution as a global environmental challenge.Prolonged exposure to contaminated environments significantly heightens health risks for individuals.Situated within the economically advanced Yangtze River Delta region,Changshu experiences swift urban expansion alongside escalating levels of pollution with complex attributes.This research mainly centers on examining air pollution patterns and conducting a health risk assessment for Changshu spanning from 2018 to 2020.In addition,it also investigates primary pollutant sources,aiming to comprehensively comprehend shifts in air quality within Changshu while providing valuable insights for enhancing public health metrics through targeted environmental policies.Materials and methods In this study,the characteristics of air pollution,health risks and potential sources of pollutants in Changshu were explored using the exposure assessment model of population health,locus cluster analysis and potential source contribution factor.Results From 2018 to 2020,the air quality of Changshu has improved significantly,and PM2.5 and O3 are still the main factors influencing the air quality of Changshu.The health risk threat of O3 is higher than that of particulate matter and exhibits an increasing trend.The potential sources of O3 pollution are widely distributed,mainly in northern Jiangsu,southern Anhui and eastern Zhejiang,and there is also long-distance transport from Guangdong.Discussion Atmospheric pollution poses a lot of ecological and environmental challenges while also posing risks to human health.Among escalating urban environmental degradation,O3 and particulate matter contamination have become increasingly conspicuous.It becomes imperative for authorities to intensify their focus on monitoring changes related to particulate matter and ozone contamination.Research indicates that despite improvements in air quality within Changshu limits,increased levels of O3 during spring and summer continue to pose substantial health risks by significantly elevating relative mortality/morbidity rates.Analysis indicates that local emissions serve as primary contributors to pollutant concentrations within Changshu;however,inflow from neighboring regions further exacerbates localized contamination levels,underscoring an urgent need for comprehensive spatial-temporal surveillance targeting urban contaminants alongside trend analyses rooted in emission sources with stringent enforcement measures.Conclusions The distribution characteristics of air pollutants in Changshu tend to be consistent with the characteristics of health risks,with the time characteristics of high winter and low summer,and O3 is vice versa.Changshu is significantly affected by air flow in the south and southeast in summer,and by air flow in the northwest in winter and spring.The potential source area of O3 is mainly local emission.Recommendations and perspectives This study shows that the impact of O3 on air quality is increasing year by year,and the threat to human health risks is significantly increased.Considering that air transport also exerts a certain impact on pollutant concentration,it is extremely vital to strengthen local control and regional joint control for O3 control.
air pollutionPM2.5O3pollution characteristicshealth riskspotential source region
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