首页|Spatial Characteristics of Extreme Rainfall over China with Hourly through 24-Hour Accumulation Periods Based on National-Level Hourly Rain Gauge Data

Spatial Characteristics of Extreme Rainfall over China with Hourly through 24-Hour Accumulation Periods Based on National-Level Hourly Rain Gauge Data

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Hourly rainfall measurements of 1919 national-level meteorological stations from 1981 through 2012 are used to document,for the first time,the climatology of extreme rainfall in hourly through 24-h accumulation periods in China.Rainfall amounts for 3-,6-,12-and 24-h periods at each station are constructed through running accumulation from hourly rainfall data that have been screened by proper quality control procedures.For each station and for each accumulation period,the historical maximum is found,and the corresponding 50-year return values are estimated using generalized extreme value theory.Based on the percentiles of the two types of extreme rainfall values among all the stations,standard thresholds separating Grade Ⅰ,Grade Ⅱ and Grade Ⅲ extreme rainfall are established,which roughly correspond to the 70th and 90th percentiles for each of the accumulation periods.The spatial characteristics of the two types of extreme rainfall are then examined for different accumulation periods.The spatial distributions of extreme rainfall in hourly through 6-h periods are more similar than those of 12-and 24-h periods.Grade Ⅲ rainfall is mostly found over South China,the western Sichuan Basin,along the southern and eastern coastlines,and in the large river basins and plains.There are similar numbers of stations with Grade Ⅲ extreme hourly rainfall north and south of 30°N,but the percentage increases to about 70％ south of 30°N as the accumulation period increases to 24 hours,reflecting richer moisture and more prolonged rain events in southern China.Potential applications of the extreme rainfall climatology and classification standards are suggested at the end.

extreme rainfall climatologyspatial distributionclassification standards

Yongguang ZHENG、Ming XUE、Bo LI、Jiong CHEN、Zuyu TAO

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National Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081, China

School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, Oklahoma University, Norman OK 73072, USA

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA

peking University, Beijing 100871, China

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National Major Basic Research "973" Program of ChinaNational Major Basic Research "973" Program of ChinaNational Major Basic Research "973" Program of ChinaSocial Commonwealth Research Program under Grant NoNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaKey Project of National Social Science Foundation of China

2013CB430100including its sub-grants 2013CB4301062013CB430103GYHY2014060024137505111&zd167

2016

10.1007/s00376-016-6128-5

大气科学进展(英文版)
中国科学院大气物理研究所

大气科学进展(英文版)

CSTPCDCSCDSCI
影响因子：0.741
ISSN：0256-1530
年,卷(期)：2016.33(11)
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