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部分饱和岩石的黏弹性Chapman-Kelvin模型的正演模拟方法研究

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在讨论地震波传播理论时,大部分情况下是把地震波看作弹性波.事实上,地下介质是非完全弹性介质,这使得传统的均匀、完全弹性介质理论受到了严重挑战.地震波在裂隙岩石中传播受裂隙系统和流体含量的影响较大,以往许多关于频变各向异性的理论大多局限于单相流体假设,但是几乎所有储层中通常被一种以上的流体部分饱和或完全饱和.本文在Chapman理论基础上,提出了基于部分饱和的黏弹性Chapman-Kelvin模型的正演模拟新方法,以提高对部分饱和岩石的黏弹性地震波频变各向异性的认识.该方法基于Chapman和Kelvin理论模型,计算了双相不混溶流体饱和裂隙岩石中的黏弹性波频变各向异性弹性系数的表达式,提出包含喷射流和斑块效应的统一地震波传播的黏弹性Chapman-Kelvin新模型.通过对新模型进行数值试验,讨论了无裂缝和存在裂缝两种情况下,含裂隙储层部分饱和岩石中耦合的喷射流和斑块效应对黏弹性介质频变各向异性的影响.试验结果反映出黏弹性介质下地震波频变各向异性的变化规律,验证了本文提出的新方法和新模型正确.本文将黏弹性介质各向异性与裂缝中的流体流动参数相联系,有利于提高对含裂缝储层部分饱和岩石的黏弹性波频变地震各向异性的认识,以及地震学与油藏工程的结合程度.
A research on forward modeling method of viscoelastic Chapman-Kelvin model based on partially saturated rock
When discussing the theory of seismic wave propagation,in most cases,seismic waves are regarded as elastic waves.In fact,the earth's composition is not completely elastic,which makes the traditional theory of homogeneous and fully elastic medium seriously challenged,and the propagation of seismic waves in fractured rocks is strongly influenced by the fracture system and fluid content.Previous theories on seismic wave frequency-dependent anisotropy are mostly limited to the single-phase fluid hypothesis,but almost all reservoirs are usually partially or fully saturated with more than one fluid.Therefore,this paper proposes a novel forward modeling method based on the partially saturated viscoelastic Chapman-Kelvin model,which aims to improve the understanding of the frequency-dependent anisotropy of viscoelastic waves in partially saturated rocks.Using the Chapman and the Kelvin theoretical models,the new method provides equations for the elastic constants of the viscoelastic wave frequency-dependent anisotropy in partially saturated rocks containing two-phase immiscible fluids.The method incorporates the concepts of squirt flow and patchy effect,proposing a unified viscoelastic Chapman-Kelvin new model for seismic wave propagation.Through numerical experiments on the new model,the effects of coupled squirt flow and patchy effect on the frequency-dependent anisotropy of the viscoelastic medium in partially saturated rocks containing fractured reservoirs are discussed in both cases without and with fractures.These results reveal the variation law of frequency-dependent anisotropy in viscoelastic media,and verify the validity of the proposed method and model.The anisotropy of viscoelastic medium is related to fluid flow parameters in fractures,which is beneficial to improve the understanding of viscoelastic wave frequency-dependent anisotropy of partially saturated rocks in fractured reservoirs,as well as the integration of seismology with reservoir engineering.

Partial saturationChapman modelKelvin modelViscoelastic Chapman-Kelvin modelViscoelastic frequency-dependent anisotropy

廖建平、张青、周林

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湖南科技大学地球科学与空间信息工程学院,湖南湘潭 411201

中国石化地球物理重点实验室,中石化石油物探技术研究院有限公司,南京 211103

重庆科技大学非常规油气开发研究院,重庆 401331

部分饱和 Chapman模型 Kelvin理论 黏弹性Chapman-Kelvin模型 黏弹性频变各向异性

国家自然科学基金项目国家自然科学基金项目湖南省自然科学基金中石化地球物理重点实验室开放基金中石化地球物理重点实验室开放基金湖南省研究生科研创新项目重庆科技大学非常规油气开发研究院科研项目重庆科技大学非常规油气开发研究院科研项目

42074167418741562023JJ3023433550006-22-FW0399-002733550006-20-ZC0699-0012-ZR01CX20221087ckrc20231101ckrc20231102

2024

10.6038/cjg2022Q0572

地球物理学报
中国地球物理学会 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所

地球物理学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：3.703
ISSN：0001-5733
年,卷(期)：2024.67(1)
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