Research on Land Cover Patterns and Dynamics in Developed Rural Areas Using Community Ecology Methods
Analyzing the characteristics of land cover changes from a new perspective holds significant value for a better understanding of land cover and land use.In this study,we proposed a research framework of land cover and land use based on the relevant theories and methods from community ecology.Based on this framework,we analyzed the land cover changes in the rural area of Jurong City,Zhejiang,Jiangsu Province during the period of 2000-2020.The results showed that:(1)The entire land cover consists of specific land cover types,which can be recognized and characterized from three aspects:boundary,aggregation,and interaction.The interaction of different land cover types can be recognized and understood from aspects of niche,niche differentiation,and competition.Specifically,there were niches in various land cover types,niche differentiation was fundamental to land cover distribution,and competition drove the land cover evolution;(2)For the overall land cover change in the study area,rank-abundance showed a similar trend,with the Shannon-Wiener index of land cover increasing during 2000-2020.Through the spatial autocorrelation analysis of the 1 km×1 km land cover,the distribution of high-high type of richness in the study area showed a decreasing trend from 2000 to 2020,the distribution of low-low type of maximum dominance in the northern rural areas was relatively large,and the distribution of high-high type of Shannon-Wiener index in the northern rural areas was also relatively large.During 2000-2020,the overall land cover rank-abundance in the study area showed a relatively stable evolution,with an overall Shannon-Wiener index increase of 0.14.At the scale of 1 km× 1 km,the richness,maximum dominance,and Shannon-Wiener index had their own characteristics,indicating that it is necessary to observe land cover change at small scales and small units;(3)By exploring the role of community ecology methods in future land cover and land use research,we found that rank-abundance can reflect the dominant type of land cover and land use,richness can highlight the spatial difference of land cover and land use type by using small unit observations,dominance can indicate the status and role of a certain land cover and land use type,and Shannon-Wiener index can quantify the comprehensive diversity and complexity of land cover and land use.For future studies of land cover and land use,this paper suggests the use of small-scale and small-unit grid for changes in land cover and land use analysis to find out the change characteristics distinct from the past.The results of this study can provide new research paradigms and ideas for land cover and land use studies,serving as a reference and inspiration for rural development in developed areas.
land covercommunity ecologyrank-abundancerichnessdominanceShannon-Wiener indexpat-terndynamicrural areadeveloped area
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