Construction of Nighttime Light Index Considering Light Intensity Range and Its Correlation Analysis with Social Parameters
Many studies have demonsrated that nighttime light intensity has a strong correlation with various social parameters. Some social parameters are only correlated with the nighttime light intensity within a specific range of radiation intensity. However,traditional nighttime light index is established based on the total range of radiation intensity from nighttime light remote sensing images,which limits the application potential of the nighttime light remote sensing data. In this study,we proposed a method for constructing nighttime light index based on specific light radiation intensity ranges. The nighttime light index was calculated based on different light radiation sub-intervals. For each social parameter,an optimal sub-interval was determined when the nighttime light index on the sub-interval showed the strongest correlation with the social parameter. Based on the NPP-VIIRS nighttime light data from 2012 to 2020,the total light radiation values of 5050 light radiation intensity intervals in all provinces and 36 main cities of China were calculated. We conducted correlation analysis between these light radiation values and 39 and 24 social parameters at provincial and municipal spatial scales,respectively. The optimal light radiation intensity intervals for all social parameter were determined,except for one social parameter at provincial and two social parameters at municipal scales because of the failure to pass the significance test. Compared with the traditional total light radiation values from the total radiation interval,total light radiation values from the optimal light radiation intensity intervals showed stronger correlation with various social parameters at provincial and municipal scales. The average correlation coefficient was increased by 0.06 at provincial scale and 0.08 at municipal scale. Some social parameters that were not significantly correlated with the traditional total light radiation showed strong correlation with the total light radiation from optimal light radiation intensity intervals. The optimal light radiation intensity intervals for most social parameters were relatively stable with little fluctuation over time. The optimal light radiation intensity intervals for social parameters in different industries showed obvious differences,which provided insights for a more in-depth analysis of the relationship between social parameters and nighttime light remote sensing data and a better evaluation of the impact of background noise of nighttime light remote sensing data on social parameter analysis. The construction of nighttime light index considering light radiation intensity range can improve the application potential of nighttime light remote sensing in the field of social parameter research.
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