Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Excessive Drinking and its Influencing Factors in a Dynamic Geographic Context:A Case Study of Central Guangzhou,China
The harms of excessive drinking are important issues faced by China and other countries around the world. Previous studies have identified certain relationships between drinking behaviors and environmental factors,with limited consideration of the dynamic geographic context and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of these relationships. This study constructs a theoretical framework for the relationships between excessive drinking and geographical environment factors (i.e.,alcohol availability,spatial disorder,and social disorder). Using multi-source spatiotemporal data,including the alcoholism cases received by Guangzhou Emergency Medical Command Center and mobile signaling data,the study explores the spatiotemporal patterns and the influencing factors of excessive drinking in a dynamic geographic context. Results show that:(1) Excessive drinking events mostly occur on weekends,at night,and in urban commercial centers. Its spatial distribution is balanced in the daytime but congregated in the nighttime;(2) Excessive drinking is influenced by alcohol availability (positively correlated with the density of KTVs and traffic stations). The positive impact of KTVs is prominent in the old urban area in the daytime and is prominent in more areas in the nighttime. The positive impact of traffic stations is mainly observed at the edge of central urban area and in suburban areas,and is relatively stronger in the daytime;(3) Excessive drinking is also affected by certain spatial disorder factors (positively correlated with the land development level),but has no significant relationship with building age and streetscape messiness. The positive impact of land development level is prominent in the new urban scenic core area and the urban villages at the urban-rural fringe,with a stronger impact in the daytime;(4) The relationship between excessive drinking and social disorder shows greater spatiotemporal differentiation and complexity. Overall,excessive drinking is negatively correlated with the proportion of nonlocal-born population,and positively correlated with the proportion of low-educated population and residential rent;(5) By analyzing different leading factors influencing excessive drinking in the daytime or nighttime,four types of spatial units can be identified,allowing for respective interventions in these zones to reduce the risk of excessive drinking. This study reveals the relationships between excessive drinking and geographical environment in a dynamic geographic context and at a smaller spatial scale,which fills the gap of lacking smaller-scale analysis,spatiotemporal heterogeneity perspective,and consideration of dynamic geographic context in previous studies. Our results provide insights for alcohol policy making,regional security and medical resource allocation,spatial planning,and environmental intervention related to health issues.
health geographycrime geographygeographic weighted regressionemergency medical dataexcessive drinkingalcoholismdynamic geographic contextgeographical environmentspatiotemporal patterns
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