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储能锂离子电池热失控早期主动安全预警技术

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以锂离子电池为代表的电化学储能技术是构建新型电力系统的重要支撑技术和关键装备.然而,锂离子电池储能系统安全事故频繁发生,其主要原因在于电池运行过程中存在安全失效触发的热失控,电池热失控的进一步蔓延将导致火灾或爆炸等灾难性后果.因此,需要在储能电池失效前及时并准确地进行主动安全预警,从而避免发生热失控,保障储能电池系统安全运行.系统梳理当前基于信号特征、模型预测、数据驱动和混合策略的四类储能电池热失控早期主动安全预警方法的研究重点,介绍各类方法的理论依据和实现路径,并对不同方法之间的优势和劣势进行分析和阐述.最后,总结当前锂离子电池主动安全预警领域尚待解决的关键问题,并展望可能的解决方式,可为后续相关研究提供参考思路.
Early Active Safety Warning Technology for Thermal Runaway of Energy Storage Lithium-ion Batteries
Electrochemical energy storage technologies,represented by lithium-ion batteries,are significant supporting technologies and key equipment for building new energy vehicle and novel power systems.However,safety accidents occur frequently in lithium-ion battery power and energy storage systems,mainly due to safety failures during its operation,resulting in thermal runaway and further catastrophic consequences such as fires or explosions.Therefore,it is necessary to achieve timely and accurate active safety warning before the failure of lithium-ion batteries,to avoid battery thermal runaway and ensure the safe operation of power and energy storage battery systems.The research focuses of four types of early active safety warning methods for thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries based on signal characteristics,model prediction,data-driven,and hybrid strategies are systematically summarized.The theoretical basis and implementation paths of each method are introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages between different methods are analyzed and described.Finally,the key issues yet to be resolved in the field of active safety warning for lithium-ion batteries are summarized,and possible solutions are proposed,providing valuable references for subsequent related research.

Energy storage systemlithium-ion batterythermal runawayactive safetyearly warning

李奎杰、周开运、詹锐烽、高泓、张炜鑫、曹元成、文劲宇、程时杰

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华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院 武汉 430074

国网湖州供电公司 湖州 313000

湖州电力设计院有限公司 湖州 313000

储能系统 锂离子电池 热失控 主动安全 早期预警

2024

电气工程学报
机械工业信息研究院

电气工程学报

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.121
ISSN:2095-9524
年,卷(期):2024.19(4)