Diversity and host assemblage of avian haemosporidians in different terrestrial ecoregions of Peru

Luz GARCIA-LONGORIA ¹Jaime MURIEL ²Sergio MAGALLANES ³Zaira Hellen VILLA-GALARCE ⁴Leonila RICOPA ⁵Wilson Giancarlo INGA-DíAZ ⁶Esteban FONG ⁷Daniel VECCO ⁸César GUERRA-SALDA?A ⁸Teresa SALAs-RENGIFO ⁹Wendy FLORES-SAAVEDRA ¹⁰Kathya ESPINOZA ¹¹Carlos MENDOZA ¹²Blanca SALDA?A ¹²Manuel GONZáLEZ-BLáZQUEZ ³Henry GONZALEs-PINEDO ¹³Charlene LUJáN-VEGA ¹⁴Carlos Alberto Del áGUILA ¹⁵Yessica VILcA-HERRERA ¹⁶Carlos Alberto PINEDA ¹⁷Carmen REATEGUI ⁵Jorge Manuel CáRDENAS-CALLIRGOS ¹⁸José Alberto IANNACONE ¹⁹Jorge Luis MENDOZA ²⁰Ravinder N.M.SEHGAL ²¹Alfonso MARZAL³

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作者信息

1. Departamento de Anatomía,Biología Celular y Zoología,Universidad de Extremadura,Badajoz E-506071,Spain;Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab,Department of Biology,Lund University,S?lvegatan 37,SE-22362 Lund,Sweden
2. Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología—IPE(CSIC),Avda.Nuestra Se?ora de la Victoria 16,Jaca 22700,Spain
3. Departamento de Anatomía,Biología Celular y Zoología,Universidad de Extremadura,Badajoz E-506071,Spain
4. DIRESA,Dirección Regional de Salud,Loreto 16001,Peru;Departamento Académico de Microbiología y Parasitología.Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas,Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana,Iquitos 16001,Peru
5. Departamento Académico de Microbiología y Parasitología.Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas,Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana,Iquitos 16001,Peru
6. Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias,Universidad Alas Peruanas,Lima 15823,Peru
7. EverGreen Institute—San Rafael,Distrito de Indiana,Loreto 16200,Peru;Observatorio de Aves Loreto(LBO),Distrito de San Juan,Loreto 16008,Peru
8. Centro Urku de Estudios Amazónicos,Tarapoto 22200,Peru
9. Servicio Nacional de áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado,15036,Peru
10. Sanidad Animal—Facultad de Zootecnia,Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina,Lima 15012,Peru
11. Laboratorio de Microbiología,Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Universidad Cientúfica del Sur,Lima 15067,Peru
12. Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico Moraleslab SAC,Morales,San Martín 22201,Peru
13. Asociacion Ecosistemas Andinos(ECOAN),Cuzco 08002,Peru
14. Pharmacology and Toxicology Graduate Group,University of California,Davis,DA 95616,USA
15. Global Health Initiative,Wabash College,Crawfordsville,IN 47933,USA
16. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas,Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima 15081,Perú
17. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria,Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizan,Huánuco,10160,Peru
18. Asociación Peruana de Helmintología e Invertebrados Afines,Lima 15054,Peru
19. Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal,Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal,El Agustino,Lima 15007,Peru;Laboratorio de Invertebrados,Universidad Ricardo Palma—Santiago de Surco,Lima 15537,Peru
20. Laboratorio de Ecología y Biodiversidad Animal,Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal,El Agustino,Lima 15007,Peru
21. Department of Biology,San Francisco State University,San Francisco,CA 94132,USA
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Abstract

Characterizing the diversity and structure of host-parasite communities is crucial to understanding their eco-evolutionary dynamics.Malaria and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible for fitness loss and mortality in bird species worldwide.However,despite exhibiting the greatest orni-thological biodiversity,avian haemosporidians from Neotropical regions are quite unexplored.Here,we analyze the genetic diversity of bird haemosporidian parasites(Plasmodium and Haemoproteus)in 1,336 individuals belonging to 206 bird species to explore for differences in di-versity of parasite lineages and bird species across 5 well-differentiated Peruvian ecoregions.We detected 70 different haemosporidian lineages infecting 74 bird species.We showed that 25 out of the 70 haplotypes had not been previously recorded.Moreover,we also identified 81 new host-parasite interactions representing new host records for these haemosporidian parasites.Our out-comes revealed that the effective diversity(as well as the richness,abundance,and Shannon-Weaver index)for both birds and parasite lineages was higher in Amazon basin ecoregions.Furthermore,we also showed that ecoregions with greater diversity of bird species also had high parasite richness,hence suggesting that host community is crucial in explaining parasite richness.Generalist parasites were found in ecoregions with lower bird diversity,implying that the abun-dance and richness of hosts may shape the exploitation strategy followed by haemosporidian para-sites.These outcomes reveal that Neotropical region is a major reservoir of unidentified haemo-sporidian lineages.Further studies analyzing host distribution and specificity of these parasites in the tropics will provide important knowledge about phylogenetic relationships,phylogeography,and patterns of evolution and distribution of haemosporidian parasites.

Key words

Amazonia/avian malaria/generalist parasite/habitat specificity/Haemoproteus/Plasmodium/specialist parasite

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基金项目

US National Science Foundation spon-sored Research Coordination Network for Haemosporida of Terrestrial Vertebrates(NSF 0954891)

Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness(CGL2015-64650P)

Junta de Extremadura(Consejería de Economía e Infraestructuras)()

FEDER(IB16121)

a PhD grant from the Ministry of Economy and Competition of Spain and a mobility grant of Junta de Extremadura(129/2015)

Junta de Extremadura(PO17024)

a postdoctoral contract from the University of Extremadura(Junta de Extremadura-IB16121)

a postdoctoral grant from the Juan de la Cierva Subprogram(FJCI-2017-34109)

financial sponsorship of the MICINN()

出版年

2022

动物学报(英文版)

中国科学院动物研究所,中国动物学会

动物学报(英文版)

CSCDSCI

影响因子：0.198

ISSN：1674-5507

参考文献量99

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