首页|Acoustic and visual adaptations to predation risk:a predator affects communication in vocal female fish
Acoustic and visual adaptations to predation risk:a predator affects communication in vocal female fish
扫码查看
点击上方二维码区域，可以放大扫码查看
原文链接
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
Predation is an important ecological constraint that influences communication in animals.Fish re-spond to predators by adjusting their visual signaling behavior,but the responses in calling behav-ior in the presence of a visually detected predator are largely unknown.We hypothesize that fish will reduce visual and acoustic signaling including sound levels and avoid escalating fights in the presence of a predator.To test this we investigated dyadic contests in female croaking gouramis(Trichopsis vittata,Osphronemidae)in the presence and absence of a predator(Astronotus ocella-tus,Cichlidae)in an adjoining tank.Agonistic behavior in T.vittata consists of lateral(visual)dis-plays,antiparallel circling,and production of croaking sounds and may escalate to frontal displays.We analyzed the number and duration of lateral display bouts,the number,duration,sound pres-sure level,and dominant frequency of croaking sounds as well as contest outcomes.The number and duration of lateral displays decreased significantly in predator when compared with no-predator trials.Total number of sounds per contest dropped in parallel but no significant changes were observed in sound characteristics.In the presence of a predator,dyadic contests were decided or terminated during lateral displays and never escalated to frontal displays.The gouramis showed approaching behavior toward the predator between lateral displays.This is the first study supporting the hypothesis that predators reduce visual and acoustic signaling in a vocal fish.Sound properties,in contrast,did not change.Decreased signaling and the lack of escalating con-tests reduce the fish's conspicuousness and thus predation threat.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
