Abstract
In recent years,researchers have been attempting to relate differences in personality(e.g.,bold-ness,aggressiveness,exploration tendency)to variation in cognition(performances in tasks that require learning,reasoning,attention,or memory,etc.)both theoretically and empirically.However,it is unclear on what basis personality and cognition might be associated with each other.Previous theory suggests a connection between fast-slow personality types and cognitive speed-accuracy tradeoffs.In this study,we tested this hypothesis in budgerigars and found that,in their 1st associative learning,birds with fast personality(less fearful of handling stress)were fast learn-ers in the beginning,while slow personality individuals improved faster,but both types of birds did not differ in accuracy.However,these relationships were context-dependent.No significant rela-tionship was found in subsequent learning tasks(reversal learning and a 2nd associative learning)in the familiar context(task setup and apparatus similar to the 1st associative learning).We then conducted a problem-solving experiment with novel setup and apparatus to test 1 possible explan-ation that the association between personality and cognition in the 1st associative learning might be caused by noncognitive constraint,such as fearfulness when facing novel task setup and appar-atus.We found that fast individuals interacted more with the problem box and solved it,whereas the slow birds were not.We suggest that personalities can influence cognitive performances and trigger a cognitive speed-improvement tradeoff under the novel context.However,there are no consistent cognitive styles that co-varied with different personalities.
基金项目
National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project31501868)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070445)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Projectlzujbky-2020-ct02)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据